BACKGROUND: Cardiomyocyte apoptosis might contribute to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction following cardiac surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging is considered the most accurate method of determining LV function. We compared apoptosis (by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, TUNEL, staining and detection of caspase 3 activation) and LV function after regional ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) and global cardioplegic ischemia. METHODS: Pigs were randomized to undergo regional myocardial I-R for 20 + 20 min, global myocardial ischemia with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for 40 min or CPB without ischemia (control), followed by 274 min of reperfusion. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the number of TUNEL-positive cardiomyocytes was higher in the global ischemia group with CPB (0.024 ± 0.014%; p = 0.02) and further increased in areas of unprotected regional I-R (0.444 ± 0.562%; p = 0.003, vs. control). Myocytes with active caspase 3 were detected after global and regional ischemia. The global ejection fraction did not differ between CPB and regional I-R groups. CONCLUSIONS: The use of cardioplegia and CPB efficiently protects the heart from global I-R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis during open heart surgery.
BACKGROUND: Cardiomyocyte apoptosis might contribute to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction following cardiac surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging is considered the most accurate method of determining LV function. We compared apoptosis (by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, TUNEL, staining and detection of caspase 3 activation) and LV function after regional ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) and global cardioplegic ischemia. METHODS:Pigs were randomized to undergo regional myocardial I-R for 20 + 20 min, global myocardial ischemia with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for 40 min or CPB without ischemia (control), followed by 274 min of reperfusion. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the number of TUNEL-positive cardiomyocytes was higher in the global ischemia group with CPB (0.024 ± 0.014%; p = 0.02) and further increased in areas of unprotected regional I-R (0.444 ± 0.562%; p = 0.003, vs. control). Myocytes with active caspase 3 were detected after global and regional ischemia. The global ejection fraction did not differ between CPB and regional I-R groups. CONCLUSIONS: The use of cardioplegia and CPB efficiently protects the heart from global I-R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis during open heart surgery.
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Authors: Christoffer K-J Stark; Miikka Tarkia; Rasmus Kentala; Markus Malmberg; Tommi Vähäsilta; Matti Savo; Ville-Veikko Hynninen; Mikko Helenius; Saku Ruohonen; Juho Jalkanen; Pekka Taimen; Tero-Pekka Alastalo; Antti Saraste; Juhani Knuuti; Timo Savunen; Juha Koskenvuo Journal: Front Pharmacol Date: 2016-05-03 Impact factor: 5.810
Authors: Aida Salameh; Stefan Dhein; Marie Mewes; Sophie Sigusch; Philipp Kiefer; Marcel Vollroth; Johannes Seeger; Ingo Dähnert Journal: Saudi J Biol Sci Date: 2019-04-05 Impact factor: 4.219