PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine rotator cuff strain and gap size after margin convergence was performed for a large retracted rotator cuff tear. METHODS: We tested 20 cadaveric shoulders using a custom shoulder testing system. A large retracted rotator cuff tear was created by removing the supraspinatus muscle-tendon unit to provide a reproducible model. Margin convergence was performed and strain was measured by use of differential variable reluctance transducers in the intact state, after a massive rotator cuff tear was created, and after each of 5 margin convergence sutures were placed. Data were obtained at 0° and 60° of abduction and with internal and external rotational torques applied to the humerus. Gap size was measured before and after margin convergence sutures were placed. RESULTS: Strain was significantly reduced at all degrees of rotation in 0° of abduction after margin convergence sutures were placed (P < .05). There was a significantly significant decrease in gap size with each suture: 50% with the first suture, 60% with the second suture, 67% with the third suture, and 75% with the fourth suture (P < .05). There was only minimal intrinsic rotator cuff tension during knot tying, with each subsequent suture having less of an effect than the previous. Four margin convergence sutures resulted in a mean of 5 mm of anterior humeral head translation. CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant decrease in rotator cuff strain and gap size after margin convergence was performed for a large retracted tear. The first margin convergence suture caused the greatest increase in intrinsic rotator cuff tension, with each subsequent suture having a similar but less dramatic effect. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Biomechanical rationale exists for the use of margin convergence in large retracted rotator cuff tears.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine rotator cuff strain and gap size after margin convergence was performed for a large retracted rotator cuff tear. METHODS: We tested 20 cadaveric shoulders using a custom shoulder testing system. A large retracted rotator cuff tear was created by removing the supraspinatus muscle-tendon unit to provide a reproducible model. Margin convergence was performed and strain was measured by use of differential variable reluctance transducers in the intact state, after a massive rotator cuff tear was created, and after each of 5 margin convergence sutures were placed. Data were obtained at 0° and 60° of abduction and with internal and external rotational torques applied to the humerus. Gap size was measured before and after margin convergence sutures were placed. RESULTS: Strain was significantly reduced at all degrees of rotation in 0° of abduction after margin convergence sutures were placed (P < .05). There was a significantly significant decrease in gap size with each suture: 50% with the first suture, 60% with the second suture, 67% with the third suture, and 75% with the fourth suture (P < .05). There was only minimal intrinsic rotator cuff tension during knot tying, with each subsequent suture having less of an effect than the previous. Four margin convergence sutures resulted in a mean of 5 mm of anterior humeral head translation. CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant decrease in rotator cuff strain and gap size after margin convergence was performed for a large retracted tear. The first margin convergence suture caused the greatest increase in intrinsic rotator cuff tension, with each subsequent suture having a similar but less dramatic effect. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Biomechanical rationale exists for the use of margin convergence in large retracted rotator cuff tears.
Authors: Taku Hatta; Hugo Giambini; Chunfeng Zhao; John W Sperling; Scott P Steinmann; Eiji Itoi; Kai-Nan An Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-09-01 Impact factor: 3.240