| Literature DB >> 21136032 |
C Lichtenstern1, M Müller, J Schmidt, K Mayer, M A Weigand.
Abstract
Transplantation medicine is an interdisciplinary task and the priority objective is a fast recovery to patient independence. After kidney transplantation the crucial aims are monitoring of transplant perfusion, maintainance of an adequate volume status and avoidance of nephrotoxic medications. Transplantation for patients with advanced chronic liver failure has become more common since the implementation of the model of end stage liver disease (MELD) allocation system which is associated with more complicated proceedings. The essentials of critical care after liver transplantation are monitoring of transplant function, diagnosis of perfusion or biliary tract problems, specific substitution of coagulation factors and hemodynamic optimation due to avoidance of hepatic congestion. Many patients listed for heart transplantation need preoperative intensive care due to impaired heart function. Postoperatively a specific cardiac support with pulmonary arterial dilatators and inotropics is usually necessary. Lung transplantation aims at an improvement of patient quality of life. Postoperative critical care should provide a limitation of the pulmonary arterial pressure, avoidance of volume overload and rapid weaning from the respirator.Entities:
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2010 PMID: 21136032 PMCID: PMC7096098 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-010-1822-7
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Anaesthesist ISSN: 0003-2417 Impact factor: 1.041



| Diabetische Nephropathie bei primär insulinpflichtigem Diabetes mellitus |
| Diabetische Nephropathie bei nichtprimär insulinpflichtigem Diabetes mellitus |
| Chronisch nephritisches Syndrom, diffuse mesangioproliferative Glomerulonephritis |
| Polyzystische Niere |
| Hypertensive Nierenerkrankung |
| Nephrotisches Syndrom |
| Kategorie | Erkrankung |
|---|---|
| Akutes Leberversagen | Intoxikationen, akute Virushepatitis |
| Chronische Lebererkrankungen | Chronische Virushepatitis Alkoholische Leberzirrhose Primär biliäre Zirrhose Primär sklerosierende Cholangitis |
| Metabolische Erkrankungen | α1-Antitrypsinmangel Morbus Wilson Hereditäre Hämochromatose Amyloidose |
| Malignome | Hepatozelluläres Karzinom Hepatoblastom Cholangiozelluläres Karzinom |
| Andere | Budd-Chiari-Syndrom Polyzystische Lebererkrankung Echinokokkose |
| Dilatative Kardiomyopathie |
| Koronare Herzerkrankung einschließlich ischämischer Kardiomyopathie |
| Restriktive Kardiomyopathie |
| Angeborene Herzfehler |
| Hypertrophe obstruktive Kardiomyopathie |
| Herzrhythmus | Sinusrhythmus, alternativ, wenn möglich, AAI-SM, DDD-SM |
| Blutdrücke | MAP >65 mmHg ZVD 8–12 mmHg (abhängig von Beatmung) |
| Herzzeitvolumen | CI >2 l/min/m2 SvO2 >70% oder SzvO2 >65% |
| Echokardiographie | LV-EDAI 6–9 cm2/m2 |
| PiCCO® | ITBVI 850–1000 ml/m2 GEDVI 640–800 ml/m2 |
| Pulmonalarterienkatheter | pAWP 12–15 mmHg |
| Diurese | >0,5 ml/kg/h |
| Laktat | <3 mmol/l |
CI „cardiac index“, GEDVI „global end-diastolic volume index“, ITBVI „intrathoracic blood volume index“, LV-EDAI „left ventricular end-diastolic area index“, MAP „mean arterial pressure“, p „pulmonary artery wedge pressure“, SO zentralvenöse Sauerstoffsättigung, SO2 gemischtvenöse Sauerstoffsättigung, ZVD zentraler Venendruck.

| COPD/Emphysem |
| Idiopathische Lungenfibrose |
| Zystische Fibrose |
| α1-Antitrypsin-Mangel |
| Idiopathische pulmonale Hypertonie |
| Bronchiektasien |
| Sarkoidose |
| Retransplantation (BOS, non-BOS) |
BOS Bronchiolitis-obliterans-Syndrom bei chronischer Abstoßung, COPD „chronic obstructive pulmonary disease“.