Synergy research: approaching a new generation of phytopharmaceuticals.

The longstanding, successful use of herbal drug combinations in traditional medicine demands that we find a rationale for their comparative pharmacological and therapeutic superiority to isolated single constituents. The synergistic efficacy of these combinations can be evaluated and verified by Berenbaum's isobole method, followed by clinical studies performed in comparison with synthetic standard drugs. There are many examples of mono- and multi-extract combinations used presently, which exhibit synergistic efficiency based on multi-target mechanisms of action. Among the natural products, gallocatechins of green tea and curcuminoids of ginger are the presently favoured polyphenols for a possible future use in co-medication with antibiotics and standard anticancer drugs. The main targets were found to be COX 1+2, NF-κB, and membrane glycoproteins that belong to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family.