PURPOSE: To determine the age-, gender-, and ethnicity-specific prevalence of astigmatism in African American and Hispanic children aged 6 to 72 months. DESIGN: Population-based, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: The Multi-Ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study is a population-based evaluation of the prevalence of vision disorders in children ages 6 to 72 months in Los Angeles County, California. Seventy-seven percent of eligible children completed a comprehensive eye examination. This report provides the results from 2994 African American and 3030 Hispanic children. METHODS: Eligible children in 44 census tracts were identified during an in-home interview and scheduled for a comprehensive eye examination and in-clinic interview. Cycloplegic autorefraction was used to determine refractive error. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The proportion of children with astigmatism defined as cylindrical refractive error ≥ 1.50 diopters (D) in the worse eye. The astigmatism type was defined as with-the-rule (WTR) (+ cylinder axis 90 ± 15 degrees) and against-the-rule (ATR) (+ cylinder axis 180 ± 15 degrees); all other orientations were considered oblique (OBL). The prevalence of astigmatism and its types were also determined for worse eye cylindrical refractive error ≥ 3.00 D. RESULTS: Prevalence of astigmatism ≥ 1.50 D was higher in Hispanic children compared with African American children (16.8% vs. 12.7%, respectively; P<0.0001). Hispanic children also showed a higher prevalence of astigmatism ≥ 3.00 D than African American children (2.9% vs. 1.0% respectively; P<0.0001). The prevalence of astigmatism ≥ 1.50 D showed a significant decreasing trend with age (P<0.0001). The prevalence of WTR, ATR, and OBL astigmatism ≥ 1.50 D was 13.9%, 0.6%, and 2.2%, respectively, in Hispanic children, and 7.8%, 2.2%, and 2.7%, respectively, in African American children. CONCLUSIONS: We observed ethnicity-related differences in astigmatism prevalence in preschool children. The age-related decrease in astigmatism prevalence in preschool children likely reflects emmetropization.
PURPOSE: To determine the age-, gender-, and ethnicity-specific prevalence of astigmatism in African American and Hispanic children aged 6 to 72 months. DESIGN: Population-based, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: The Multi-Ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study is a population-based evaluation of the prevalence of vision disorders in children ages 6 to 72 months in Los Angeles County, California. Seventy-seven percent of eligible children completed a comprehensive eye examination. This report provides the results from 2994 African American and 3030 Hispanic children. METHODS: Eligible children in 44 census tracts were identified during an in-home interview and scheduled for a comprehensive eye examination and in-clinic interview. Cycloplegic autorefraction was used to determine refractive error. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The proportion of children with astigmatism defined as cylindrical refractive error ≥ 1.50 diopters (D) in the worse eye. The astigmatism type was defined as with-the-rule (WTR) (+ cylinder axis 90 ± 15 degrees) and against-the-rule (ATR) (+ cylinder axis 180 ± 15 degrees); all other orientations were considered oblique (OBL). The prevalence of astigmatism and its types were also determined for worse eye cylindrical refractive error ≥ 3.00 D. RESULTS: Prevalence of astigmatism ≥ 1.50 D was higher in Hispanic children compared with African American children (16.8% vs. 12.7%, respectively; P<0.0001). Hispanic children also showed a higher prevalence of astigmatism ≥ 3.00 D than African American children (2.9% vs. 1.0% respectively; P<0.0001). The prevalence of astigmatism ≥ 1.50 D showed a significant decreasing trend with age (P<0.0001). The prevalence of WTR, ATR, and OBL astigmatism ≥ 1.50 D was 13.9%, 0.6%, and 2.2%, respectively, in Hispanic children, and 7.8%, 2.2%, and 2.7%, respectively, in African American children. CONCLUSIONS: We observed ethnicity-related differences in astigmatism prevalence in preschool children. The age-related decrease in astigmatism prevalence in preschool children likely reflects emmetropization.
Authors: Robert N Kleinstein; Lisa A Jones; Sandral Hullett; Soonsi Kwon; Robert J Lee; Nina E Friedman; Ruth E Manny; Donald O Mutti; Julie A Yu; Karla Zadnik Journal: Arch Ophthalmol Date: 2003-08
Authors: Rachel Knowlton; Jason D Marsack; Norman E Leach; Ralph J Herring; Heather A Anderson Journal: Optom Vis Sci Date: 2015-07 Impact factor: 1.973
Authors: Marjean Taylor Kulp; Gui-Shuang Ying; Jiayan Huang; Maureen Maguire; Graham Quinn; Elise B Ciner; Lynn A Cyert; Deborah A Orel-Bixler; Bruce D Moore Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2014-03-06 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Duane A Chang; Roger C Ede; Dominic C Chow; Ryan D Souza; Louie Mar A Gangcuangco; Nancy Hanks; Beau K Nakamoto; Brooks Mitchell; Alison T Masutani; Sam Fisk; Cecilia M Shikuma; Jan E Dill Journal: Hawaii J Med Public Health Date: 2015-09
Authors: Ge Wen; Kristina Tarczy-Hornoch; Roberta McKean-Cowdin; Susan A Cotter; Mark Borchert; Jesse Lin; Jeniffer Kim; Rohit Varma Journal: Ophthalmology Date: 2013-08-14 Impact factor: 12.079
Authors: Kristina Tarczy-Hornoch; Susan A Cotter; Mark Borchert; Roberta McKean-Cowdin; Jesse Lin; Ge Wen; Jeniffer Kim; Rohit Varma Journal: Ophthalmology Date: 2013-04-03 Impact factor: 12.079