BACKGROUND: The survival of retinoblastoma in less-developed countries (LDCs) and the impact of socioeconomic variables on survival are not widely available in the literature. METHODS: A systematic review of publications from LDCs was performed. Articles were from multiple databases and written in seven languages. Results were correlated with socioeconomic indicators. Lower-income countries (LICs) and middle-income countries (MICs) were included in our analyses. RESULTS: An analysis of 164 publications including 14,800 patients from 48 LDCs was performed. Twenty-six per cent of the papers were written in languages other than English. Estimated survival in LICs was 40% (range, 23-70%); in lower MICs, 77% (range, 60-92%) and in upper MICs, 79% (range, 54-93%; p = 0.001).Significant differences were also found in the occurrence of metastasis: in LICs, 32% (range, 12-45); in lower MICs, 12% (range, 3-31) and in upper MICs, 9.5% (range, 3-24; p = 0.04). On multivariate analysis, physician density and human development index were significantly associated with survival and metastasis. Maternal mortality rate and per capita health expenditure were significantly associated with treatment refusal. CONCLUSIONS: Important information from LDCs is not always available in English or in major databases. Indicators of socioeconomic development and maternal and infant health were related with outcome.
BACKGROUND: The survival of retinoblastoma in less-developed countries (LDCs) and the impact of socioeconomic variables on survival are not widely available in the literature. METHODS: A systematic review of publications from LDCs was performed. Articles were from multiple databases and written in seven languages. Results were correlated with socioeconomic indicators. Lower-income countries (LICs) and middle-income countries (MICs) were included in our analyses. RESULTS: An analysis of 164 publications including 14,800 patients from 48 LDCs was performed. Twenty-six per cent of the papers were written in languages other than English. Estimated survival in LICs was 40% (range, 23-70%); in lower MICs, 77% (range, 60-92%) and in upper MICs, 79% (range, 54-93%; p = 0.001).Significant differences were also found in the occurrence of metastasis: in LICs, 32% (range, 12-45); in lower MICs, 12% (range, 3-31) and in upper MICs, 9.5% (range, 3-24; p = 0.04). On multivariate analysis, physician density and human development index were significantly associated with survival and metastasis. Maternal mortality rate and per capita health expenditure were significantly associated with treatment refusal. CONCLUSIONS: Important information from LDCs is not always available in English or in major databases. Indicators of socioeconomic development and maternal and infant health were related with outcome.
Authors: Verónica Pérez; Claudia Sampor; Guadalupe Rey; Andreu Parareda-Salles; Katherine Kopp; Agustín P Dabezies; Gustavo Dufort; Marta Zelter; Juan P López; Marcelo Urbieta; Elisa Alcalde-Ruiz; Jaume Catala-Mora; Mariona Suñol; Diego Ossandon; Adriana C Fandiño; J Oscar Croxatto; María T G de Dávila; Gregory Reaman; Yaddanapudi Ravindranath; Guillermo L Chantada Journal: JAMA Ophthalmol Date: 2018-07-01 Impact factor: 7.389
Authors: Negar Omidakhsh; Arupa Ganguly; Greta R Bunin; Ondine S von Ehrenstein; Beate Ritz; Julia E Heck Journal: Am J Ophthalmol Date: 2017-01-26 Impact factor: 5.258
Authors: Lauren E Hudson; Pia Mendoza; William H Hudson; Alison Ziesel; G Baker Hubbard; Jill Wells; Bhakti Dwivedi; Jeanne Kowalski; Sandra Seby; Viren Patel; Eldon Geisert; Charles Specht; Hans E Grossniklaus Journal: Am J Pathol Date: 2018-07-21 Impact factor: 4.307
Authors: Marco A Ramírez-Ortiz; M Veronica Ponce-Castañeda; M Lourdes Cabrera-Muñoz; Aurora Medina-Sansón; Xinhua Liu; Manuela A Orjuela Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2014-02-12 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Lara Elis Alberici Delsin; Karina Bezerra Salomao; Julia Alejandra Pezuk; Maria Sol Brassesco Journal: J Cancer Res Clin Oncol Date: 2018-10-22 Impact factor: 4.553