OBJECTIVE: Deficits in cognitive flexibility and response inhibition have been linked to perturbations in cortico-striatal-thalamic circuitry in adult obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Although similar cognitive deficits have been identified in pediatric OCD, few neuroimaging studies have been conducted to examine its neural correlates in the developing brain. In this study, we tested hypotheses regarding group differences in the behavioral and neural correlates of cognitive flexibility in a pediatric OCD and a healthy comparison (HC) sample. METHOD: In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, a pediatric sample of 10- to 17-year-old subjects, 15 with OCD and 20 HC, completed a set-shifting task. The task, requiring an extradimensional shift to identify a target, examines cognitive flexibility. Within each block, the dimension (color or shape) that identified the target either alternated (i.e., mixed) or remained unchanged (i.e., repeated). RESULTS: Compared with the HC group, the OCD group tended to be slower to respond to trials within mixed blocks. Compared with the HC group, the OCD group exhibited less left inferior frontal gyrus/BA47 activation in the set-shifting contrast (i.e., HC > OCD, mixed versus repeated); only the HC group exhibited significant activation in this region. The correlation between set shifting-induced right caudate activation and shift cost (i.e., reaction time differential in response to mixed versus repeated trials) was significantly different between HC and OCD groups, in that we found a positive correlation in HC and a negative correlation in OCD. CONCLUSIONS: In pediatric OCD, less fronto-striatal activation may explain previously identified deficits in shifting cognitive sets. 2010 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
OBJECTIVE:Deficits in cognitive flexibility and response inhibition have been linked to perturbations in cortico-striatal-thalamic circuitry in adult obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Although similar cognitive deficits have been identified in pediatric OCD, few neuroimaging studies have been conducted to examine its neural correlates in the developing brain. In this study, we tested hypotheses regarding group differences in the behavioral and neural correlates of cognitive flexibility in a pediatric OCD and a healthy comparison (HC) sample. METHOD: In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, a pediatric sample of 10- to 17-year-old subjects, 15 with OCD and 20 HC, completed a set-shifting task. The task, requiring an extradimensional shift to identify a target, examines cognitive flexibility. Within each block, the dimension (color or shape) that identified the target either alternated (i.e., mixed) or remained unchanged (i.e., repeated). RESULTS: Compared with the HC group, the OCD group tended to be slower to respond to trials within mixed blocks. Compared with the HC group, the OCD group exhibited less left inferior frontal gyrus/BA47 activation in the set-shifting contrast (i.e., HC > OCD, mixed versus repeated); only the HC group exhibited significant activation in this region. The correlation between set shifting-induced right caudate activation and shift cost (i.e., reaction time differential in response to mixed versus repeated trials) was significantly different between HC and OCD groups, in that we found a positive correlation in HC and a negative correlation in OCD. CONCLUSIONS: In pediatric OCD, less fronto-striatal activation may explain previously identified deficits in shifting cognitive sets. 2010 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Authors: Ben J Harrison; Carles Soriano-Mas; Jesus Pujol; Hector Ortiz; Marina López-Solà; Rosa Hernández-Ribas; Joan Deus; Pino Alonso; Murat Yücel; Christos Pantelis; José M Menchon; Narcís Cardoner Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry Date: 2009-11
Authors: P L Remijnse; M M A Nielen; A J L M van Balkom; G-J Hendriks; W J Hoogendijk; H B M Uylings; D J Veltman Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2009-01-27 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: Katya Rubia; Ana Cubillo; Anna B Smith; James Woolley; Isobel Heyman; Michael J Brammer Journal: Hum Brain Mapp Date: 2010-02 Impact factor: 5.038
Authors: Lisa A Page; Katya Rubia; Quinton Deeley; Eileen Daly; Fiona Toal; David Mataix-Cols; Vincent Giampietro; Nicole Schmitz; Declan G M Murphy Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2009-11-10 Impact factor: 3.222
Authors: Samuel R Chamberlain; Lara Menzies; Adam Hampshire; John Suckling; Naomi A Fineberg; Natalia del Campo; Mike Aitken; Kevin Craig; Adrian M Owen; Edward T Bullmore; Trevor W Robbins; Barbara J Sahakian Journal: Science Date: 2008-07-18 Impact factor: 47.728
Authors: Michael Sachse; Sabine Schlitt; Daniela Hainz; Angela Ciaramidaro; Shella Schirman; Henrik Walter; Fritz Poustka; Sven Bölte; Christine M Freitag Journal: J Autism Dev Disord Date: 2013-05
Authors: Edoardo F Q Vattimo; Vivian B Barros; Guaraci Requena; João R Sato; Daniel Fatori; Euripedes C Miguel; Roseli G Shavitt; Marcelo Q Hoexter; Marcelo C Batistuzzo Journal: Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2019-04-10 Impact factor: 4.785
Authors: Thilo Deckersbach; Tina Chou; Jennifer C Britton; Lindsay E Carlson; Hannah E Reese; Jedidiah Siev; Lawrence Scahill; John C Piacentini; Douglas W Woods; John T Walkup; Alan L Peterson; Darin D Dougherty; Sabine Wilhelm Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2014-09-16 Impact factor: 3.222
Authors: Anna-Maria D'Cruz; Michael E Ragozzino; Matthew W Mosconi; Sunil Shrestha; Edwin H Cook; John A Sweeney Journal: Neuropsychology Date: 2013-03 Impact factor: 3.295