Identification of differentially expressed genes in Flammulina velutipes with anti-tyrosinase activity.

It was previously shown that fruiting bodies of the mushroom, Flammulina velutipes, exert anti-tyrosinase activity by producing a triacylglycerol characterized as 1',3'-dilinolenoyl-2'-linoleoylglycerol (LnLLn). In this study, we provide evidence that the mycelia of F. velutipes grown on glucose, but not on glycerol, exhibit anti-tyrosinase activity. To identify genes possibly involved in the process of expressing anti-tyrosinase activity in F. velutipes, a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method that involves annealing control primers (ACPs) was employed. Using 120 ACPs, a total of 84 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in F. velutipes mycelia with anti-tyrosinase activity were cloned and sequenced. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) searches revealed that 72 of the genes have known sequence homology. Of these, three genes involved in the synthesis and modification of fatty acids were selected and further quantified by real-time RT-PCR. These genes involved in fatty acid-biosynthetic processes can be potential candidates for further studies related to the development of a new anti-browning agent.