Patient and staff acceptance of robotic technology in occupational therapy: a pilot study.

While the majority of applications of robotics in the field of rehabilitation focus on the development of smart aids for people without upper extremity function, there is also potential for the robot as a therapy "aide." We designed, built, and pilot-tested hardware and software that used a robot to provide muscle reeducation movement patterns after stroke. This is a report on a field trial, in which 11 occupational therapists used the system with 22 patients; each patient averaged 2.2 sessions. Based on information contained in the system database, a log, patient interviews, and therapist questionnaires, we evaluated safety, system utility, and patient and therapist acceptance. The results suggest that robotic treatment is safe and accepted (if not welcomed) by patients. The therapists expressed a qualified acceptance, suggesting several modifications to increase utility. The potential for the application of robotics in rehabilitation therapy is discussed in light of these findings.