OBJECTIVE: There is substantial evidence of a link between parental substance use disorders and antisocial behavior and childhood disruptive disorders in offspring, but it is unclear whether this transmission is specific to particular disorders or if a general liability accounts for familial resemblance. The authors examined whether the association between parental externalizing disorders and childhood disruptive disorders in preadolescent offspring is a result of the transmission of general or disorder-specific liabilities and estimated the genetic and environmental contributions to variation in these general and specific liability indicators. METHOD: Participants were 1,069 families consisting of 11-year-old twins and their biological mother and father. Structural equation modeling was used to simultaneously estimate the general and specific transmission effects of four parental externalizing disorders (conduct disorder, adult antisocial behavior, alcohol dependence, and drug dependence) on childhood disruptive disorders (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder). RESULTS: Parent-child resemblance was accounted for by the transmission of a general liability to externalizing disorders, and this general liability was highly heritable. Specific effects were also detected, but for sibling rather than parental transmission. Specific genetic and nonshared environmental effects were detected for each childhood disruptive disorder, but only conduct disorder exhibited a significant shared environmental effect. CONCLUSIONS: A highly heritable general liability accounts for the parent-child transmission of externalizing psychopathology from parents to their preadolescent offspring. This general liability should be a focus of research for both etiology and intervention.
OBJECTIVE: There is substantial evidence of a link between parental substance use disorders and antisocial behavior and childhood disruptive disorders in offspring, but it is unclear whether this transmission is specific to particular disorders or if a general liability accounts for familial resemblance. The authors examined whether the association between parental externalizing disorders and childhood disruptive disorders in preadolescent offspring is a result of the transmission of general or disorder-specific liabilities and estimated the genetic and environmental contributions to variation in these general and specific liability indicators. METHOD:Participants were 1,069 families consisting of 11-year-old twins and their biological mother and father. Structural equation modeling was used to simultaneously estimate the general and specific transmission effects of four parental externalizing disorders (conduct disorder, adult antisocial behavior, alcohol dependence, and drug dependence) on childhood disruptive disorders (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder). RESULTS: Parent-child resemblance was accounted for by the transmission of a general liability to externalizing disorders, and this general liability was highly heritable. Specific effects were also detected, but for sibling rather than parental transmission. Specific genetic and nonshared environmental effects were detected for each childhood disruptive disorder, but only conduct disorder exhibited a significant shared environmental effect. CONCLUSIONS: A highly heritable general liability accounts for the parent-child transmission of externalizing psychopathology from parents to their preadolescent offspring. This general liability should be a focus of research for both etiology and intervention.
Authors: J M Meyer; M Rutter; J L Silberg; H H Maes; E Simonoff; L L Shillady; A Pickles; J K Hewitt; L J Eaves Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2000-07 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: Theodore Jacob; Brian Waterman; Andrew Heath; William True; Kathleen K Bucholz; Randy Haber; Jeff Scherrer; Qiang Fu Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry Date: 2003-12
Authors: Andrea M Chronis; Benjamin B Lahey; William E Pelham; Heidi L Kipp; Barbara L Baumann; Steve S Lee Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2003-12 Impact factor: 8.829
Authors: Katie A McLaughlin; Anne M Gadermann; Irving Hwang; Nancy A Sampson; Ali Al-Hamzawi; Laura Helena Andrade; Matthias C Angermeyer; Corina Benjet; Evelyn J Bromet; Ronny Bruffaerts; José Miguel Caldas-de-Almeida; Giovanni de Girolamo; Ron de Graaf; Silvia Florescu; Oye Gureje; Josep Maria Haro; Hristo Ruskov Hinkov; Itsuko Horiguchi; Chiyi Hu; Aimee Nasser Karam; Viviane Kovess-Masfety; Sing Lee; Samuel D Murphy; S Haque Nizamie; José Posada-Villa; David R Williams; Ronald C Kessler Journal: Br J Psychiatry Date: 2012-03-08 Impact factor: 9.319