Kidney transplant ureteroneocystostomy techniques and complications: review of the literature.

Despite a variety of urinary tract reconstructive techniques, urinary complications are the most frequent technical adverse event following renal transplantation. These complications can be associated with substantial morbidity and generate excess cost. In this review we comprehensively discuss 4 techniques of ureteroneocystostomy, compare complications, and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each technique focusing on 4 specific urologic complications: urine leak, ureteric obstruction, hematuria, and symptomatic vesicoureteral reflux.