BACKGROUND: Few studies have assessed the metabolic syndrome (MetS) as an entity in relation to breast cancer risk, and results have been inconsistent. We aimed to examine the association between MetS factors (individually and combined) and risk of breast cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS: Two hundred ninety thousand women from Austria, Norway, and Sweden were enrolled during 1974-2005, with measurements of height, weight, blood pressure, and levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Relative risks (RR) of breast cancer were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression for each MetS factor in quintiles and for standardized levels (z-scores) and for a composite z-score for the MetS. RESULTS: There were 4,862 incident cases of breast cancer and 633 deaths from breast cancer identified. In women below age 50, there was a decreased risk of incident cancer for the MetS (per 1-unit increment of z-score; RR, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.76-0.90) as well as for the individual factors (except for glucose). The lowest risks were seen among the heaviest women. In women above age 60, there was an increased risk of breast cancer mortality for the MetS (RR, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.45) and for blood pressure and glucose. The strongest association with mortality was seen for increased glucose concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: The MetS was associated with a decreased risk of incident breast cancer in women below age 50 with high body mass index, and with an increased risk of breast cancer mortality in women above 60. IMPACT: Lifestyle interventions as recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention may be of value to prevent breast cancer mortality in postmenopausal women.
BACKGROUND: Few studies have assessed the metabolic syndrome (MetS) as an entity in relation to breast cancer risk, and results have been inconsistent. We aimed to examine the association between MetS factors (individually and combined) and risk of breast cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS: Two hundred ninety thousand women from Austria, Norway, and Sweden were enrolled during 1974-2005, with measurements of height, weight, blood pressure, and levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Relative risks (RR) of breast cancer were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression for each MetS factor in quintiles and for standardized levels (z-scores) and for a composite z-score for the MetS. RESULTS: There were 4,862 incident cases of breast cancer and 633 deaths from breast cancer identified. In women below age 50, there was a decreased risk of incident cancer for the MetS (per 1-unit increment of z-score; RR, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.76-0.90) as well as for the individual factors (except for glucose). The lowest risks were seen among the heaviest women. In women above age 60, there was an increased risk of breast cancer mortality for the MetS (RR, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.45) and for blood pressure and glucose. The strongest association with mortality was seen for increased glucose concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: The MetS was associated with a decreased risk of incident breast cancer in women below age 50 with high body mass index, and with an increased risk of breast cancer mortality in women above 60. IMPACT: Lifestyle interventions as recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention may be of value to prevent breast cancer mortality in postmenopausal women.
Authors: Katherine W Reeves; Vicki McLaughlin; Lisa Fredman; Kristine Ensrud; Jane A Cauley Journal: Cancer Causes Control Date: 2012-06-02 Impact factor: 2.506
Authors: E Guinan; J Hussey; J M Broderick; F E Lithander; D O'Donnell; M J Kennedy; E M Connolly Journal: Support Care Cancer Date: 2013-02-22 Impact factor: 3.603
Authors: Peter Boyle; Alice Koechlin; Cécile Pizot; Mathieu Boniol; Chris Robertson; Patrick Mullie; Geremia Bolli; Julio Rosenstock; Philippe Autier Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2012-11-03 Impact factor: 5.614
Authors: Wambui G Gathirua-Mwangi; Patrick O Monahan; Mwangi J Murage; Jianjun Zhang Journal: Cancer Causes Control Date: 2017-01-17 Impact factor: 2.506
Authors: Rebecca Troisi; Anne Gulbech Ording; Tom Grotmol; Ingrid Glimelius; Anders Engeland; Mika Gissler; Britton Trabert; Anders Ekbom; Laura Madanat-Harjuoja; Henrik Toft Sørensen; Steinar Tretli; Tone Bjørge Journal: Int J Cancer Date: 2018-08-10 Impact factor: 7.396