Age-related decline in auditory plasticity: experience dependent changes in gap detection as measured by prepulse inhibition in young and aged rats.

Young adult and aged F344 rats were compared on a silent gap variant of the prepulse inhibition paradigm. Animals were tested using a 50-ms single tone cue, followed by 8 days of silent gap testing. The first 3 days of gap testing were long gaps (range 2 to 100 ms) followed by 5 days of short gaps (range 2 to 10 ms). The effects of gap length, prior experience, and age, on the magnitude and direction (facilitation vs. attenuation) of the acoustic startle response, were examined. The young rats showed stronger and more reliable acoustic startle responses (uncued trials) during all acoustic startle tasks as compared to the old. The younger animals also exhibited a more consistent attenuated response across cues and days. Depending on silent gap length, both reduction (inhibition) and enhancement (facilitation) of startle were observed. Finally, only the young adult animals showed an experience-related shift from facilitation to attenuation in response to very short silent gap cues, and this initial early facilitation predicted later attenuation following additional experience.