Jesper Bo Nielsen1. 1. Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 17, 5000 Odense C, Denmark. jbnielsen@health.sdu.dk
Abstract
PURPOSE: Following dermal exposure to chemicals causing systemic toxicity, the general advice to avoid further systemic exposure is to wash the skin. The present study uses four model compounds (benzoic acid, glyphosat, caffeine, malathion) with varying size and solubility to substantiate this advice and quantify the effect of skin wash following 6 h dermal exposure on subsequent extent of skin penetration and deposition within the skin compartment. METHOD: Percutaneous penetration through human skin is studied in an in vitro model with static diffusion cells. RESULTS: The study demonstrates that percutaneous penetration continues after end of exposure due to the reservoir present in the skin. However, penetration rate will decrease significantly, and it is evident that simple hand-wash after end of exposure not only reduces the amount of residue present in the upper skin compartment but also significantly reduces the total absorption of test substance, most so for the hydrophilic compounds. CONCLUSION: Our observations support the continuing initiatives from occupational hygienists to urge people with dermal exposure hazards to wash potentially exposed skin areas.
PURPOSE: Following dermal exposure to chemicals causing systemic toxicity, the general advice to avoid further systemic exposure is to wash the skin. The present study uses four model compounds (benzoic acid, glyphosat, caffeine, malathion) with varying size and solubility to substantiate this advice and quantify the effect of skin wash following 6 h dermal exposure on subsequent extent of skin penetration and deposition within the skin compartment. METHOD: Percutaneous penetration through human skin is studied in an in vitro model with static diffusion cells. RESULTS: The study demonstrates that percutaneous penetration continues after end of exposure due to the reservoir present in the skin. However, penetration rate will decrease significantly, and it is evident that simple hand-wash after end of exposure not only reduces the amount of residue present in the upper skin compartment but also significantly reduces the total absorption of test substance, most so for the hydrophilic compounds. CONCLUSION: Our observations support the continuing initiatives from occupational hygienists to urge people with dermal exposure hazards to wash potentially exposed skin areas.
Authors: J J M van de Sandt; J A van Burgsteden; S Cage; P L Carmichael; I Dick; S Kenyon; G Korinth; F Larese; J C Limasset; W J M Maas; L Montomoli; J B Nielsen; J-P Payan; E Robinson; P Sartorelli; K H Schaller; S C Wilkinson; F M Williams Journal: Regul Toxicol Pharmacol Date: 2004-06 Impact factor: 3.271
Authors: Nicole H P Cnubben; Graham R Elliott; Betty C Hakkert; Wim J A Meuling; Johannes J M van de Sandt Journal: Regul Toxicol Pharmacol Date: 2002-04 Impact factor: 3.271
Authors: R Holmgaard; E Benfeldt; J B Nielsen; C Gatschelhofer; J A Sorensen; C Höfferer; M Bodenlenz; T R Pieber; F Sinner Journal: Pharm Res Date: 2012-03-15 Impact factor: 4.200
Authors: Thomas James; Lydia Izon-Cooper; Samuel Collins; Haydn Cole; Tim Marczylo Journal: J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev Date: 2022-02-27 Impact factor: 6.393