Pierre Kalfon1, Olivier Mimoz2, Pascal Auquier3, Anderson Loundou4, Rémy Gauzit5, Alain Lepape6, Jean Laurens7, Bernard Garrigues8, Thierry Pottecher9, Yannick Mallédant10. 1. Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Hôpital Louis Pasteur, Hôpitaux de Chartres, 28018, Chartres Cedex, France. pkalfon@ch-chartres.fr. 2. Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers and INSERM ERI-23, Poitiers, France. 3. Laboratoire de Santé publique, EA3279, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France. 4. Unité d'Aide Méthodologique à la Recherche Clinique et Epidémiologique, Délégation Régionale à la Recherche Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France. 5. Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Unité de Réanimation chirurgicale, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France. 6. Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Unité de Réanimation chirurgicale, CHU de Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France. 7. Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Polyclinique des Cèdres, Mérignac, France. 8. Service de Réanimation Médico-Chirurgicale, Centre Hospitalier du pays d'Aix, Aix-en-Provence, France. 9. Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Réanimation Polyvalente, CHU Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France. 10. Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Université de Rennes 1 and INSERM U 620, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To develop and validate the IPREA (Inconforts des Patients de REAnimation) questionnaire for the assessment of discomfort perceived by patients related to their intensive care unit (ICU) stay. METHODS: This was a two step-study comprising a phase of item generation conducted in one ICU and a phase of psychometric evaluation during a multicenter prospective cohort study in 14 ICUs. Patients were unselected consecutive adult surviving ICU patients. On the day of ICU discharge, a nurse asked patients to rate the severity of 16 discomfort sources, from 0 to 100. Ten percent of patients were randomly chosen to be questioned again to assess the reproducibility. RESULTS: Of 1,380 eligible patients, 1,113 survived and 868 patients could be questioned. The highest scores were for sleep deprivation (35 ± 33), being restrained by tubing, wires, and cables (33 ± 30), pain (32 ± 30), and thirst (32 ± 34). No multidimensional structure was identified. The mean overall score of discomfort was 22 ± 14. Internal consistency was satisfactory using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.78). The test-retest reliability study found average measure intraclass correlations ranging from 0.70 to 0.92. The mean duration of the questionnaire administration was 10 ± 7 min. CONCLUSION: The psychometric properties and acceptability of the IPREA questionnaire make it a potential instrument for measuring discomfort perceived by unselected ICU patients.
PURPOSE: To develop and validate the IPREA (Inconforts des Patients de REAnimation) questionnaire for the assessment of discomfort perceived by patients related to their intensive care unit (ICU) stay. METHODS: This was a two step-study comprising a phase of item generation conducted in one ICU and a phase of psychometric evaluation during a multicenter prospective cohort study in 14 ICUs. Patients were unselected consecutive adult surviving ICU patients. On the day of ICU discharge, a nurse asked patients to rate the severity of 16 discomfort sources, from 0 to 100. Ten percent of patients were randomly chosen to be questioned again to assess the reproducibility. RESULTS: Of 1,380 eligible patients, 1,113 survived and 868 patients could be questioned. The highest scores were for sleep deprivation (35 ± 33), being restrained by tubing, wires, and cables (33 ± 30), pain (32 ± 30), and thirst (32 ± 34). No multidimensional structure was identified. The mean overall score of discomfort was 22 ± 14. Internal consistency was satisfactory using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.78). The test-retest reliability study found average measure intraclass correlations ranging from 0.70 to 0.92. The mean duration of the questionnaire administration was 10 ± 7 min. CONCLUSION: The psychometric properties and acceptability of the IPREA questionnaire make it a potential instrument for measuring discomfort perceived by unselected ICU patients.
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