New technologies personalize diagnostics and therapeutics.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized societies [10]. Efforts to reduce cardiovascular events in "high-risk" individuals or recurrent events in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease emphasize broad-based implementation of guideline-directed therapeutic lifestyle changes and pharmacotherapy. Despite successful implementation of these evidence-based strategies, many individuals are not properly identified before their first event or they continue to experience cardiovascular events despite "optimal" levels of biomarkers. The application of genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics provides opportunities to improve our understanding of the complex process of atherosclerosis and enables personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.