BACKGROUND: We reported a significant 67% reduction in the hazard risk of incident Alzheimer's disease (AD) with elective statin use in the AD Anti-inflammatory Prevention Trial (ADAPT), without a reduction in risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI). OBJECTIVE: To assess if cholesterol levels are associated with cognitive performance and determine if statin use alters cognitive performance after onset of MCI. DESIGN:Fractionated cholesterol levels, neurological and cognitive status were evaluated annually. Comparisons of non-LLA (lipid-lowering agent) users or statin-LLA users were performed blind to the ADAPT medication randomization. Pearson's correlations were validated using a time-dependent linear mixed model. RESULTS: The MMSE performance significantly declined over time in non-LLA users, and, after adjusting for this, a significant positive correlation between MMSE and HDL was identified (p = 0.0002). A negative correlation between total and LDL cholesterol, and immediate and delayed recall of the Rivermead paragraph was significant (total cholesterol, p < 0.003; LDL, p < 0.02). Pilot data suggest a positive signal on delayed recall of both the Hopkins word list and Rivermead paragraph with deterioration in the non-LLA users and improvement in the statin users after conversion to MCI. CONCLUSION:Cholesterol levels may be associated with differential performance on the MMSE and measures of learning or memory. The trend for improved delayed recall in statin users with MCI compared to non-LLA users with MCI may have contributed to the reduced hazards risk of incident AD without reducing the risk of MCI. Copyright 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: We reported a significant 67% reduction in the hazard risk of incident Alzheimer's disease (AD) with elective statin use in the AD Anti-inflammatory Prevention Trial (ADAPT), without a reduction in risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI). OBJECTIVE: To assess if cholesterol levels are associated with cognitive performance and determine if statin use alters cognitive performance after onset of MCI. DESIGN: Fractionated cholesterol levels, neurological and cognitive status were evaluated annually. Comparisons of non-LLA (lipid-lowering agent) users or statin-LLA users were performed blind to the ADAPT medication randomization. Pearson's correlations were validated using a time-dependent linear mixed model. RESULTS: The MMSE performance significantly declined over time in non-LLA users, and, after adjusting for this, a significant positive correlation between MMSE and HDL was identified (p = 0.0002). A negative correlation between total and LDL cholesterol, and immediate and delayed recall of the Rivermead paragraph was significant (total cholesterol, p < 0.003; LDL, p < 0.02). Pilot data suggest a positive signal on delayed recall of both the Hopkins word list and Rivermead paragraph with deterioration in the non-LLA users and improvement in the statin users after conversion to MCI. CONCLUSION:Cholesterol levels may be associated with differential performance on the MMSE and measures of learning or memory. The trend for improved delayed recall in statin users with MCI compared to non-LLA users with MCI may have contributed to the reduced hazards risk of incident AD without reducing the risk of MCI. Copyright 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Authors: D Larry Sparks; Richard J Kryscio; Marwan N Sabbagh; Donald J Connor; Lisa M Sparks; Carolyn Liebsack Journal: Curr Alzheimer Res Date: 2008-08 Impact factor: 3.498
Authors: James Shepherd; Gerard J Blauw; Michael B Murphy; Edward L E M Bollen; Brendan M Buckley; Stuart M Cobbe; Ian Ford; Allan Gaw; Michael Hyland; J Wouter Jukema; Adriaan M Kamper; Peter W Macfarlane; A Edo Meinders; John Norrie; Chris J Packard; Ivan J Perry; David J Stott; Brian J Sweeney; Cillian Twomey; Rudi G J Westendorp Journal: Lancet Date: 2002-11-23 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: J T Tschanz; K A Welsh-Bohmer; C G Lyketsos; C Corcoran; R C Green; K Hayden; M C Norton; P P Zandi; L Toone; N A West; J C S Breitner Journal: Neurology Date: 2006-07-25 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: C G Lyketsos; J C S Breitner; R C Green; B K Martin; C Meinert; S Piantadosi; M Sabbagh Journal: Neurology Date: 2007-04-25 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: M D M Haag; A Hofman; P J Koudstaal; B H C Stricker; M M B Breteler Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Date: 2008-10-17 Impact factor: 10.154
Authors: Angela L Jefferson; Hugo Carmona; Katherine A Gifford; Susan Lambe; Laura K Byerly; Nicole G Cantwell; Yorghos Tripodis; Jason Karlawish Journal: Am J Geriatr Psychiatry Date: 2012-10 Impact factor: 4.105