Field studies on Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) activity and response to deltamethrin applications to sheep in northeastern Spain.

An enclosure trapping experiment compared numbers and engorgement of Culicoides spp. taken from treated sheep (7.5% deltamethrin) to Culicoides from untreated sheep. Attack rates were low (0.2/min), but 58% of Culicoides obsoletus s.l. and 67% of Culicoides parroti Kieffer engorged on untreated sheep, and no engorgement occurred on treated sheep on 0 and 4 d posttreatment. A UV light trap in a livestock barn collected eight Culicoides spp. (510 individuals), dominated by C. obsoletus (Meigen) (68%), Culicoides imicola Kieffer (19%), Culicoides circumscriptus Kieffer (8%), and Culicoides alazanicus Dzhafarov (4%). A more powerful but nonattractive fan trap collected five species (121 individuals) dominated by C. obsoletus (48%), C. imicola (36%), C. alazanicus (8%), and C. circumscriptus (7%). Parity of C. obsoletus and C. imicola did not vary between the light and fan traps. Engorged Culicoides in the barn (33 C. obsoletus and three C. imicola) had fed on sheep or goats (precipitin test).