OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate a fast, objective and standardized method for image processing of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI of the prostate based on principal component analysis (PCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the institutional internal review board; signed informed consent was obtained. MRI of the prostate at 3 Tesla was performed in 21 patients with biopsy proven cancers before radical prostatectomy. Seven 3-dimensional gradient echo datesets, 2 pre and 5 post-gadopentetate dimeglumine injection (0.1 mmol/kg), were acquired within 10.5 minutes at high spatial resolution. PCA of dynamic intensity-scaled (IS) and enhancement-scaled (ES) datasets and analysis by the 3-time points (3TP) method were applied using the latter method for adjusting the PCA eigenvectors. RESULTS: PCA of 7 IS datasets and 6 ES datasets yielded their corresponding eigenvectors and eigenvalues. The first IS-eigenvector captured the major part of the signal variance because of a signal change between the precontrast and the first postcontrast arising from the inhomogeneous surface coil reception profile. The next 2 IS-eigenvectors and the 2 dominant ES-eigenvectors captured signal changes because of tissue contrast-enhancement, whereas the remaining eigenvectors captured noise changes. These eigenvectors were adjusted by rotation to reach congruence with the wash-in and wash-out kinetic parameters defined according to the 3TP method. The IS and ES-eigenvectors and rotation angles were highly reproducible across patients enabling the calculation of a general rotated eigenvector base that served to rapidly and objectively calculate diagnostically relevant projection coefficient maps for new cases. We found for the a priori selected prostate cancer patients that the projection coefficients of the IS-2nd eigenvector provided a higher accuracy for detecting biopsy proven cancers (94% sensitivity, 67% specificity, 80% ppv, and 89% npv) than the projection coefficients of the ES-2nd rotated and non rotated eigenvectors. CONCLUSIONS: PCA adjusted to correlate with physiological parameters selects a dominant eigenvector, free of the inhomogeneous radio-frequency field reception-profile and noise-components. Projection coefficient maps of this eigenvector provide a fast, objective, and standardized means for visualizing prostate cancer.
OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate a fast, objective and standardized method for image processing of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI of the prostate based on principal component analysis (PCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the institutional internal review board; signed informed consent was obtained. MRI of the prostate at 3 Tesla was performed in 21 patients with biopsy proven cancers before radical prostatectomy. Seven 3-dimensional gradient echo datesets, 2 pre and 5 post-gadopentetate dimeglumine injection (0.1 mmol/kg), were acquired within 10.5 minutes at high spatial resolution. PCA of dynamic intensity-scaled (IS) and enhancement-scaled (ES) datasets and analysis by the 3-time points (3TP) method were applied using the latter method for adjusting the PCA eigenvectors. RESULTS: PCA of 7 IS datasets and 6 ES datasets yielded their corresponding eigenvectors and eigenvalues. The first IS-eigenvector captured the major part of the signal variance because of a signal change between the precontrast and the first postcontrast arising from the inhomogeneous surface coil reception profile. The next 2 IS-eigenvectors and the 2 dominant ES-eigenvectors captured signal changes because of tissue contrast-enhancement, whereas the remaining eigenvectors captured noise changes. These eigenvectors were adjusted by rotation to reach congruence with the wash-in and wash-out kinetic parameters defined according to the 3TP method. The IS and ES-eigenvectors and rotation angles were highly reproducible across patients enabling the calculation of a general rotated eigenvector base that served to rapidly and objectively calculate diagnostically relevant projection coefficient maps for new cases. We found for the a priori selected prostate cancerpatients that the projection coefficients of the IS-2nd eigenvector provided a higher accuracy for detecting biopsy proven cancers (94% sensitivity, 67% specificity, 80% ppv, and 89% npv) than the projection coefficients of the ES-2nd rotated and non rotated eigenvectors. CONCLUSIONS: PCA adjusted to correlate with physiological parameters selects a dominant eigenvector, free of the inhomogeneous radio-frequency field reception-profile and noise-components. Projection coefficient maps of this eigenvector provide a fast, objective, and standardized means for visualizing prostate cancer.
Authors: Nandinee Fariah Haq; Piotr Kozlowski; Edward C Jones; Silvia D Chang; S Larry Goldenberg; Mehdi Moradi Journal: Comput Med Imaging Graph Date: 2014-07-05 Impact factor: 4.790
Authors: Xin Li; Ryan A Priest; William J Woodward; Ian J Tagge; Faisal Siddiqui; Wei Huang; William D Rooney; Tomasz M Beer; Mark G Garzotto; Charles S Springer Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 2012-03-27 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: S Ramkumar; S Ranjbar; S Ning; D Lal; C M Zwart; C P Wood; S M Weindling; T Wu; J R Mitchell; J Li; J M Hoxworth Journal: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol Date: 2017-03-02 Impact factor: 3.825
Authors: Xin Li; Ryan A Priest; William J Woodward; Faisal Siddiqui; Tomasz M Beer; Mark G Garzotto; William D Rooney; Charles S Springer Journal: J Magn Reson Date: 2012-03-28 Impact factor: 2.229