OBJECTIVE: High-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) manipulation is an effective treatment of low back pain (LBP); however, the corresponding mechanisms are undetermined. Hypoalgesia is associated with HVLA manipulation and suggests specific mechanisms of action. An audible pop (AP) is also associated with HVLA manipulation; however, the influence of the AP on the hypoalgesia associated with HVLA manipulation is not established. The purpose of the current study was to observe the influence of the AP on hypoalgesia associated with HVLA manipulation. METHODS: The current study represents a secondary analysis of 40 participants. All participants underwent thermal pain sensitivity testing to their leg and low back using protocols specific to A delta fiber-mediated pain and temporal summation. Next, participants received HVLA manipulation to their low back, and the examiner recorded whether an AP was perceived. Finally, participants underwent immediate follow-up thermal pain sensitivity testing using the same protocols. Separate repeated-measure analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were used to observe changes in pain sensitivity before and immediately after HVLA manipulation. RESULTS: Hypoalgesia of A delta fiber-mediated pain was observed in the low back after HVLA (P < .05), and this was independent of whether an AP was perceived (P > .05). Hypoalgesia of temporal summation was observed in the lower extremity after HVLA (P < .05), and this was independent of whether an AP was perceived (P = .08). However, a moderate effect size for temporal summation was observed favoring participants in whom an AP was perceived. CONCLUSION: The current study suggests hypoalgesia is associated with HVLA manipulation and occurs independently of a perceived AP. Inhibition of lower extremity temporal summation may be larger in individuals in whom an AP is perceived, but further study is necessary to confirm this finding. (c) 2010 National University of Health Sciences. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
OBJECTIVE: High-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) manipulation is an effective treatment of low back pain (LBP); however, the corresponding mechanisms are undetermined. Hypoalgesia is associated with HVLA manipulation and suggests specific mechanisms of action. An audible pop (AP) is also associated with HVLA manipulation; however, the influence of the AP on the hypoalgesia associated with HVLA manipulation is not established. The purpose of the current study was to observe the influence of the AP on hypoalgesia associated with HVLA manipulation. METHODS: The current study represents a secondary analysis of 40 participants. All participants underwent thermal pain sensitivity testing to their leg and low back using protocols specific to A delta fiber-mediated pain and temporal summation. Next, participants received HVLA manipulation to their low back, and the examiner recorded whether an AP was perceived. Finally, participants underwent immediate follow-up thermal pain sensitivity testing using the same protocols. Separate repeated-measure analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were used to observe changes in pain sensitivity before and immediately after HVLA manipulation. RESULTS: Hypoalgesia of A delta fiber-mediated pain was observed in the low back after HVLA (P < .05), and this was independent of whether an AP was perceived (P > .05). Hypoalgesia of temporal summation was observed in the lower extremity after HVLA (P < .05), and this was independent of whether an AP was perceived (P = .08). However, a moderate effect size for temporal summation was observed favoring participants in whom an AP was perceived. CONCLUSION: The current study suggests hypoalgesia is associated with HVLA manipulation and occurs independently of a perceived AP. Inhibition of lower extremity temporal summation may be larger in individuals in whom an AP is perceived, but further study is necessary to confirm this finding. (c) 2010 National University of Health Sciences. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
Authors: Martin Diers; Caroline Koeppe; Eugen Diesch; Annette M Stolle; Rupert Hölzl; Marcus Schiltenwolf; Klaus van Ackern; Herta Flor Journal: J Clin Neurophysiol Date: 2007-02 Impact factor: 2.177
Authors: Michael A Seffinger; Wadie I Najm; Shiraz I Mishra; Alan Adams; Vivian M Dickerson; Linda S Murphy; Sibylle Reinsch Journal: Spine (Phila Pa 1976) Date: 2004-10-01 Impact factor: 3.468
Authors: Rogelio A Coronado; Charles W Gay; Joel E Bialosky; Giselle D Carnaby; Mark D Bishop; Steven Z George Journal: J Electromyogr Kinesiol Date: 2012-01-30 Impact factor: 2.368
Authors: Gregory D Cramer; J Kim Ross; P K Raju; Jerrilyn A Cambron; Jennifer M Dexheimer; Preetam Bora; Ray McKinnis; Scott Selby; Adam R Habeck Journal: J Manipulative Physiol Ther Date: 2011-07-18 Impact factor: 1.437
Authors: James Dunning; Firas Mourad; Andrea Zingoni; Raffaele Iorio; Thomas Perreault; Noah Zacharko; César Fernández de Las Peñas; Raymond Butts; Joshua A Cleland Journal: Int J Sports Phys Ther Date: 2017-08
Authors: Gregory D Cramer; Kim Ross; P K Raju; Jerrilyn Cambron; Joe A Cantu; Preetam Bora; Jennifer M Dexheimer; Ray McKinnis; Adam R Habeck; Scott Selby; Judith D Pocius; Douglas Gregerson Journal: J Manipulative Physiol Ther Date: 2012-08-14 Impact factor: 1.437