BACKGROUND: Evidence links exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy, particularly gaseous pollutants and particulate matter, to an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes though the results for birth defects have been inconsistent. METHODS: We compared estimated exposure to ambient air pollutants during early pregnancy among mothers of children with oral cleft defects (cases) to that among mothers of controls, adjusting for available risk factors from birth certificates. We obtained ambient air pollutant data from air monitoring sites in New Jersey for carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), particulate matter <10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and particulate matter <2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5). We used values from the nearest monitor (within 40 km of the residence at birth) for controls, cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP) and cleft palate only (CPO). RESULTS: Based on logistic regression analyses for each contaminant and all contaminants together, there were no consistent elevated associations between selected air pollutants and cleft malformations. Quartile of CO concentration showed a consistent protective association with CPO (p < 0.01). For other contaminants, confidence intervals (95%) of the odds ratios for some quartiles excluded one. CLP showed limited evidence of an association with increasing SO(2) exposure while CPO showed weak associations with increasing O3 exposure. CONCLUSION: There was little consistent evidence associating cleft malformations with maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants. Evaluating particular pollutants or disease subgroups would require more detailed measurement of exposure and classification of cleft defects. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
BACKGROUND: Evidence links exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy, particularly gaseous pollutants and particulate matter, to an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes though the results for birth defects have been inconsistent. METHODS: We compared estimated exposure to ambient air pollutants during early pregnancy among mothers of children with oral cleft defects (cases) to that among mothers of controls, adjusting for available risk factors from birth certificates. We obtained ambient air pollutant data from air monitoring sites in New Jersey for carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), particulate matter <10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and particulate matter <2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5). We used values from the nearest monitor (within 40 km of the residence at birth) for controls, cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP) and cleft palate only (CPO). RESULTS: Based on logistic regression analyses for each contaminant and all contaminants together, there were no consistent elevated associations between selected air pollutants and cleft malformations. Quartile of CO concentration showed a consistent protective association with CPO (p < 0.01). For other contaminants, confidence intervals (95%) of the odds ratios for some quartiles excluded one. CLP showed limited evidence of an association with increasing SO(2) exposure while CPO showed weak associations with increasing O3 exposure. CONCLUSION: There was little consistent evidence associating cleft malformations with maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants. Evaluating particular pollutants or disease subgroups would require more detailed measurement of exposure and classification of cleft defects. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Authors: Ying Zhou; Suzanne M Gilboa; Michele L Herdt; Philip J Lupo; W Dana Flanders; Yang Liu; Mikyong Shin; Mark A Canfield; Russell S Kirby Journal: Environ Res Date: 2016-11-23 Impact factor: 6.498
Authors: Amy M Padula; Ira B Tager; Suzan L Carmichael; S Katharine Hammond; Frederick Lurmann; Gary M Shaw Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2013-03-28 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Anushuya Ramakrishnan; Philip J Lupo; A J Agopian; Stephen H Linder; Thomas H Stock; Peter H Langlois; Elena Craft Journal: Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol Date: 2013-07-25
Authors: Amy M Padula; Ira B Tager; Suzan L Carmichael; S Katharine Hammond; Wei Yang; Frederick W Lurmann; Gary M Shaw Journal: Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol Date: 2013-09-23
Authors: Marco Vinceti; Carlotta Malagoli; Marcella Malavolti; Andrea Cherubini; Giuseppe Maffeis; Rossella Rodolfi; Julia E Heck; Gianni Astolfi; Elisa Calzolari; Fausto Nicolini Journal: Sci Total Environ Date: 2015-09-26 Impact factor: 7.963
Authors: Mariam S Girguis; Matthew J Strickland; Xuefei Hu; Yang Liu; Scott M Bartell; Verónica M Vieira Journal: Environ Res Date: 2015-12-17 Impact factor: 6.498