OBJECTIVE: The current study examined proxy efficacy, which was defined as youth's confidence to influence their parents to provide fruits and vegetables. The overall objective was to examine change in middle-school youth's proxy efficacy over time, and to determine if changes were moderated by gender and socio-economic status. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort nested within schools. SETTING: Eight middle schools located in urban, suburban and rural areas of a mid-western US state. SUBJECTS: Seven hundred and twelve youth followed across their 6th, 7th and 8th grade years. The sample was 51.8 % female, 30.5 % low socio-economic status and 89.5 % Caucasian, non-Hispanic. RESULTS: Males and lower socio-economic status youth were significantly lower in proxy efficacy at each assessment year compared with females and high socio-economic youth, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Proxy efficacy to influence parents to provide fruits and vegetables may be an important construct to target in future interventions.
OBJECTIVE: The current study examined proxy efficacy, which was defined as youth's confidence to influence their parents to provide fruits and vegetables. The overall objective was to examine change in middle-school youth's proxy efficacy over time, and to determine if changes were moderated by gender and socio-economic status. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort nested within schools. SETTING: Eight middle schools located in urban, suburban and rural areas of a mid-western US state. SUBJECTS: Seven hundred and twelve youth followed across their 6th, 7th and 8th grade years. The sample was 51.8 % female, 30.5 % low socio-economic status and 89.5 % Caucasian, non-Hispanic. RESULTS: Males and lower socio-economic status youth were significantly lower in proxy efficacy at each assessment year compared with females and high socio-economic youth, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Proxy efficacy to influence parents to provide fruits and vegetables may be an important construct to target in future interventions.
Authors: Cynthia L Ogden; Margaret D Carroll; Lester R Curtin; Margaret A McDowell; Carolyn J Tabak; Katherine M Flegal Journal: JAMA Date: 2006-04-05 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: P R Nader; D E Sellers; C C Johnson; C L Perry; E J Stone; K C Cook; J Bebchuk; R V Luepker Journal: Prev Med Date: 1996 Jul-Aug Impact factor: 4.018
Authors: Danice K Eaton; Laura Kann; Steve Kinchen; Shari Shanklin; James Ross; Joseph Hawkins; William A Harris; Richard Lowry; Tim McManus; David Chyen; Connie Lim; Nancy D Brener; Howell Wechsler Journal: MMWR Surveill Summ Date: 2008-06-06