STUDY DESIGN: A blind, repeated-measure design was employed in the study. OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively measure the percentage contribution of segmental angular motion during different motion ranges of cervical flexion-extension for clinical applications and better understanding of cervical biomechanics. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Restriction of cervical motion is a major symptom in patients suffering from neck injuries or pathologies. Although segmental angular motion alternation is a criterion for the detection of neck related impairments, the percentage contribution throughout cervical movements is not well understood. METHODS: A total of 384 image sequences during cervical flexion-extension obtained from 48 healthy adult subjects were analyzed with a precise image protocol using dynamic videofluoroscopic techniques. RESULTS: The middle cervical spines demonstrated significantly greater angular percentage contributions at C3/4 (29.89%) and C4/5 (37.14%) angles during the initial 1/3 flexion movement; whereas the lower cervical spines revealed statistically greater angular contributions (C5/6: 22.57% to 29.45%; C6/7: 28.80% to 37.42%) from the middle to final 1/3 ranges of flexion movement (P<0.001). With regard to cervical extension motion, the majority of segmental percentage contributions statistically shifted initially from C5/6 level (30.21%) to C4/5 (24.96%) and C5/6 (26.12%) levels, and finally to the C3/4 (27.55%) and C4/5 (29.77%) segments (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The segmental percentage contributions in this study might imply that the cervical flexion movement initially relied more on the middle cervical segments and later on the lower ones, whereas a motion pattern trend from lower to middle segments was observed during cervical extension.
STUDY DESIGN: A blind, repeated-measure design was employed in the study. OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively measure the percentage contribution of segmental angular motion during different motion ranges of cervical flexion-extension for clinical applications and better understanding of cervical biomechanics. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Restriction of cervical motion is a major symptom in patients suffering from neck injuries or pathologies. Although segmental angular motion alternation is a criterion for the detection of neck related impairments, the percentage contribution throughout cervical movements is not well understood. METHODS: A total of 384 image sequences during cervical flexion-extension obtained from 48 healthy adult subjects were analyzed with a precise image protocol using dynamic videofluoroscopic techniques. RESULTS: The middle cervical spines demonstrated significantly greater angular percentage contributions at C3/4 (29.89%) and C4/5 (37.14%) angles during the initial 1/3 flexion movement; whereas the lower cervical spines revealed statistically greater angular contributions (C5/6: 22.57% to 29.45%; C6/7: 28.80% to 37.42%) from the middle to final 1/3 ranges of flexion movement (P<0.001). With regard to cervical extension motion, the majority of segmental percentage contributions statistically shifted initially from C5/6 level (30.21%) to C4/5 (24.96%) and C5/6 (26.12%) levels, and finally to the C3/4 (27.55%) and C4/5 (29.77%) segments (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The segmental percentage contributions in this study might imply that the cervical flexion movement initially relied more on the middle cervical segments and later on the lower ones, whereas a motion pattern trend from lower to middle segments was observed during cervical extension.
Authors: René Lindstrøm; Alexander Breen; Ning Qu; Alister du Rose; Victoria Blogg Andersen; Alan Breen Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2021-05-24 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Xu Wang; René Lindstroem; Niels Peter Bak Carstens; Thomas Graven-Nielsen Journal: BMC Musculoskelet Disord Date: 2017-03-13 Impact factor: 2.362