OBJECTIVE: Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (HGA) is an emerging disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum which is transmitted by ticks of the genus Ixodes ricinus. For molecular detection of the pathogen by PCR, a conserved portion of the groEL gene within the groESL operon is frequently used as a target. A single G/A polymorphism in this region allows to discriminate between two genotypes, groEL-G and groEL-A. METHODS: Total DNA from peripheral blood samples of two HGA patients was analysed by RealTime PCR, employing a protocol designed for genotyping groEL-G- and groEL-A variants of A. phagocytophilum. RESULTS: We confirmed two clinical cases of HGA by PCR; in one patient, and for the first time in a human host, the groEL-A variant was detected, in the other case the pathogen was recognised as the groEL-G variant, up to now representing the only genotype reported in man. CONCLUSIONS: It is documented that HGA infections can be caused by two A. phagocytophilum groEL genotypes. At present, the preference of the A. phagocytophilum groEL-G genotype in humans remains unclear, as we describe the first patient with HGA caused by the groEL-A variant. For a conclusive interpretation, more data from HGA patients will be required. Copyright 2009 The British Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
OBJECTIVE:HumanGranulocytic Anaplasmosis (HGA) is an emerging disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum which is transmitted by ticks of the genus Ixodes ricinus. For molecular detection of the pathogen by PCR, a conserved portion of the groEL gene within the groESL operon is frequently used as a target. A single G/A polymorphism in this region allows to discriminate between two genotypes, groEL-G and groEL-A. METHODS: Total DNA from peripheral blood samples of two HGA patients was analysed by RealTime PCR, employing a protocol designed for genotyping groEL-G- and groEL-A variants of A. phagocytophilum. RESULTS: We confirmed two clinical cases of HGA by PCR; in one patient, and for the first time in a human host, the groEL-A variant was detected, in the other case the pathogen was recognised as the groEL-G variant, up to now representing the only genotype reported in man. CONCLUSIONS: It is documented that HGA infections can be caused by two A. phagocytophilumgroEL genotypes. At present, the preference of the A. phagocytophilumgroEL-G genotype in humans remains unclear, as we describe the first patient with HGA caused by the groEL-A variant. For a conclusive interpretation, more data from HGA patients will be required. Copyright 2009 The British Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Authors: Annapaola Rizzoli; Cornelia Silaghi; Anna Obiegala; Ivo Rudolf; Zdeněk Hubálek; Gábor Földvári; Olivier Plantard; Muriel Vayssier-Taussat; Sarah Bonnet; Eva Spitalská; Mária Kazimírová Journal: Front Public Health Date: 2014-12-01
Authors: Setareh Jahfari; E Claudia Coipan; Manoj Fonville; Arieke Docters van Leeuwen; Paul Hengeveld; Dieter Heylen; Paul Heyman; Cees van Maanen; Catherine M Butler; Gábor Földvári; Sándor Szekeres; Gilian van Duijvendijk; Wesley Tack; Jolianne M Rijks; Joke van der Giessen; Willem Takken; Sipke E van Wieren; Katsuhisa Takumi; Hein Sprong Journal: Parasit Vectors Date: 2014-08-15 Impact factor: 3.876