BACKGROUND: The organic food sales have been increasing during the recent years. It has been hypothesised that organically grown fruits are healthier based on their higher content of phytochemicals. However, data on the bioavailability of phytochemicals from organically or conventionally produced plant foods are scarce. METHODS: Two human intervention studies were performed to compare the bioavailability of polyphenols in healthy men after ingestion of apples from different farming systems. The administered apples were grown organically and conventionally under defined conditions and characterised regarding their polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. No significant differences in the polyphenol content and the antioxidant capacity from the organic and conventional farming system were observed. RESULTS: In the short-term intervention study, six men consumed either organically or conventionally produced apples in a randomized cross-over study. After intake of 1 kg apples, phloretin (C (max) 13 + or - 5 nmol/l, t (max) 1.7 + or - 1.2 h) and coumaric acid (C (max )35 + or - 12 nmol/l, t (max) 3.0 + or - 0.8 h) plasma concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.0001) in both intervention groups, without differences between the two farming systems. In the long-term intervention study, 43 healthy volunteers consumed organically or conventionally produced apples (500 g/day; 4 weeks) or no apples in a double-blind, randomized intervention study. In this study, 24 h after the last dosing regime, the apple intake did not result in increasing polyphenol concentrations in plasma and urine compared to the control group suggesting no accumulation of apple polyphenols or degradation products in humans. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the two farming systems (organic/conventional) do not result in differences in the bioavailability of apple polyphenols.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The organic food sales have been increasing during the recent years. It has been hypothesised that organically grown fruits are healthier based on their higher content of phytochemicals. However, data on the bioavailability of phytochemicals from organically or conventionally produced plant foods are scarce. METHODS: Two human intervention studies were performed to compare the bioavailability of polyphenols in healthy men after ingestion of apples from different farming systems. The administered apples were grown organically and conventionally under defined conditions and characterised regarding their polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. No significant differences in the polyphenol content and the antioxidant capacity from the organic and conventional farming system were observed. RESULTS: In the short-term intervention study, six men consumed either organically or conventionally produced apples in a randomized cross-over study. After intake of 1 kg apples, phloretin (C (max) 13 + or - 5 nmol/l, t (max) 1.7 + or - 1.2 h) and coumaric acid (C (max )35 + or - 12 nmol/l, t (max) 3.0 + or - 0.8 h) plasma concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.0001) in both intervention groups, without differences between the two farming systems. In the long-term intervention study, 43 healthy volunteers consumed organically or conventionally produced apples (500 g/day; 4 weeks) or no apples in a double-blind, randomized intervention study. In this study, 24 h after the last dosing regime, the apple intake did not result in increasing polyphenol concentrations in plasma and urine compared to the control group suggesting no accumulation of applepolyphenols or degradation products in humans. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the two farming systems (organic/conventional) do not result in differences in the bioavailability of applepolyphenols.
Authors: Sara Hurtado-Barroso; Paola Quifer-Rada; María Marhuenda-Muñoz; Jose Fernando Rinaldi de Alvarenga; Anna Tresserra-Rimbau; Rosa M Lamuela-Raventós Journal: Antioxidants (Basel) Date: 2019-08-24
Authors: Linda Nezbedova; Tony McGhie; Mark Christensen; Julian Heyes; Noha Ahmed Nasef; Sunali Mehta Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-11-11 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Vasily A Isakov; Alexandra A Bogdanova; Vladimir V Bessonov; Tatiana B Sentsova; Victor A Tutelyan; Yumei Lin; Valentina Kazlova; Jina Hong; Rodney A Velliquette Journal: Nutrients Date: 2018-01-25 Impact factor: 5.717