Victor May1, Margaret A Vizzard. 1. Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: PACAP and receptors are expressed in micturition pathways. Studies show that PACAP has a role in detrusor smooth muscle contraction to facilitate adenosine triphosphate release from urothelium and PACAP antagonism decreases cyclophosphamide induced bladder hyperreflexia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PACAP contributions to micturition and somatic sensation were studied in PACAP knockout (PACAP(-/-)), litter mate heterozygote (PACAP(+/-)) and WT mice by conscious cystometry with continuous intravesical saline or acetic acid (0.5%) instillation, urination patterns, somatic sensitivity testing of hind paw and pelvic regions with calibrated von Frey filaments, and morphological bladder assessments. RESULTS: PACAP(-/-) mice had an increased bladder mass with fewer but larger urine spots. In PACAP(-/-) mice the lamina propria and detrusor smooth muscle were significantly thicker but the urothelium was unchanged. PACAP(-/-) mice had increased bladder capacity, voided volume and intercontraction interval with significantly increased detrusor contraction duration and large residual volume. WT mice responded to acetic acid (0.5%) with a decrease in voided volume and intercontraction interval but PACAP(+/-) and PACAP(-/-) mice did not respond. PACAP(-/-) mice were less responsive to somatic stimulation. PACAP(+/-) mice also had bladder dysfunction, and somatic and visceral sensory abnormalities but to a lesser degree. CONCLUSIONS: PACAP gene disruption contributes to changes in bladder morphology and function, and somatic and visceral hypoalgesia. Copyright 2010 American Urological Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PURPOSE:PACAP and receptors are expressed in micturition pathways. Studies show that PACAP has a role in detrusor smooth muscle contraction to facilitate adenosine triphosphate release from urothelium and PACAP antagonism decreases cyclophosphamide induced bladder hyperreflexia. MATERIALS AND METHODS:PACAP contributions to micturition and somatic sensation were studied in PACAP knockout (PACAP(-/-)), litter mate heterozygote (PACAP(+/-)) and WT mice by conscious cystometry with continuous intravesical saline or acetic acid (0.5%) instillation, urination patterns, somatic sensitivity testing of hind paw and pelvic regions with calibrated von Frey filaments, and morphological bladder assessments. RESULTS:PACAP(-/-) mice had an increased bladder mass with fewer but larger urine spots. In PACAP(-/-) mice the lamina propria and detrusor smooth muscle were significantly thicker but the urothelium was unchanged. PACAP(-/-) mice had increased bladder capacity, voided volume and intercontraction interval with significantly increased detrusor contraction duration and large residual volume. WT mice responded to acetic acid (0.5%) with a decrease in voided volume and intercontraction interval but PACAP(+/-) and PACAP(-/-) mice did not respond. PACAP(-/-) mice were less responsive to somatic stimulation. PACAP(+/-) mice also had bladder dysfunction, and somatic and visceral sensory abnormalities but to a lesser degree. CONCLUSIONS:PACAP gene disruption contributes to changes in bladder morphology and function, and somatic and visceral hypoalgesia. Copyright 2010 American Urological Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Authors: Karen M Braas; Victor May; Peter Zvara; Bernhard Nausch; Jan Kliment; J Dana Dunleavy; Mark T Nelson; Margaret A Vizzard Journal: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Date: 2005-12-01 Impact factor: 3.619
Authors: Beatrice A Girard; Vincent Lelievre; Karen M Braas; Tannaz Razinia; Margaret A Vizzard; Yevgeniya Ioffe; Rajaa El Meskini; Gabriele V Ronnett; James A Waschek; Victor May Journal: J Neurochem Date: 2006-10 Impact factor: 5.372
Authors: Simon Studeny; Bopaiah P Cheppudira; Susan Meyers; Elena M Balestreire; Gerard Apodaca; Lori A Birder; Karen M Braas; James A Waschek; Victor May; Margaret A Vizzard Journal: J Mol Neurosci Date: 2008-06-17 Impact factor: 3.444
Authors: Beatrice M Girard; Amanda Wolf-Johnston; Karen M Braas; Lori A Birder; Victor May; Margaret A Vizzard Journal: J Mol Neurosci Date: 2008-06-19 Impact factor: 3.444
Authors: Charles N Rudick; Michael C Chen; Anne K Mongiu; David J Klumpp Journal: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Date: 2007-07-11 Impact factor: 3.619
Authors: V Lelievre; G Favrais; C Abad; H Adle-Biassette; Y Lu; P M Germano; G Cheung-Lau; J R Pisegna; P Gressens; G Lawson; J A Waschek Journal: Peptides Date: 2007-05-18 Impact factor: 3.750
Authors: Aaron D Talsma; Christo P Christov; Ana Terriente-Felix; Gerit A Linneweber; Daniel Perea; Matthew Wayland; Orie T Shafer; Irene Miguel-Aliaga Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2012-07-09 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Robert W Hamill; John D Tompkins; Beatrice M Girard; Richard T Kershen; Rodney L Parsons; Margaret A Vizzard Journal: Dev Neurobiol Date: 2012-06 Impact factor: 3.964
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