OBJECTIVE: This study describes the development and preliminary validation of a survey focused on the most salient situations where drugs and/or alcohol are offered to Native Hawaiian youth in rural communities. DESIGN: The study used a five-phase approach to test development and validation. In Phase 1 (item generation), survey items were created from a series of focus groups with middle school aged youth (n = 47). In Phase 2 (item refinement and selection), items were edited and reduced to 62 drug-offer situations that were selected for inclusion in the survey. In Phase 3 (item reduction), items were administered to 249 youth from seven middle or intermediate schools in Hawai'i. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis of the Native Hawaiian subsample (n = 194) indicated the presence of three factors accounting for 63% of the variance: peer pressure (23%); family offers and context (21%); and unanticipated drug offers (19%). The survey items differentiated between Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian youth respondents, supporting the validity of the questionnaire. The hypothesized relationship between cultural connectedness and drug offer exposure was not confirmed. Internal consistency of the measure was high. CONCLUSIONS: The survey helps to fill the gap in information related to drug use of Native Hawaiian youth and has implications for the development and assessment of culturally-specific drug prevention programs for these youth.
OBJECTIVE: This study describes the development and preliminary validation of a survey focused on the most salient situations where drugs and/or alcohol are offered to Native Hawaiian youth in rural communities. DESIGN: The study used a five-phase approach to test development and validation. In Phase 1 (item generation), survey items were created from a series of focus groups with middle school aged youth (n = 47). In Phase 2 (item refinement and selection), items were edited and reduced to 62 drug-offer situations that were selected for inclusion in the survey. In Phase 3 (item reduction), items were administered to 249 youth from seven middle or intermediate schools in Hawai'i. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis of the Native Hawaiian subsample (n = 194) indicated the presence of three factors accounting for 63% of the variance: peer pressure (23%); family offers and context (21%); and unanticipated drug offers (19%). The survey items differentiated between Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian youth respondents, supporting the validity of the questionnaire. The hypothesized relationship between cultural connectedness and drug offer exposure was not confirmed. Internal consistency of the measure was high. CONCLUSIONS: The survey helps to fill the gap in information related to drug use of Native Hawaiian youth and has implications for the development and assessment of culturally-specific drug prevention programs for these youth.
Authors: Jorge Delva; John M Wallace; Patrick M O'Malley; Jerald G Bachman; Lloyd D Johnston; John E Schulenberg Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2005-04 Impact factor: 9.308
Authors: Ka'ohinani Po'a-Kekuawela; Scott K Okamoto; LA Risa H Nebre; Susana Helm; Coralee I H Chin Journal: J Ethn Cult Divers Soc Work Date: 2009-07-01