Experimental and theoretical assessment of maximum productivities for the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in two different geometries of photobioreactors.

The validity of a simple, reliable, and useful recently published formula enabling to calculate the maximum volumetric biomass productivities in photobioreactors (PBRs) was investigated through the cultivation of the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Experimental maximum kinetic performances accurately obtained in two different, artificially lightened torus-plane and cylindrical reactors having the same specific illuminated area confirmed the availability, power, and robustness of such formula. The predictive kinetic parameters previously proposed and validated with cyanobacteria were then proved general and robust in case of eukaryotic microalgae, as postulated in the founding article. In this case, an additional criterion requiring rigorous control of the working illuminated fraction gamma = 1 +/- (15%) inside the reactor is demonstrated. For this, the usefulness and reliability of a generalized two-flux model accurately describing the radiation field inside turbid culture media of C. reinhardtii were also established in this article. These important results contribute to identify the main engineering factors governing light-limited PBRs functioning and then to clarify some misinterpretations widely reported in the literature. Together with the referenced previous work, this article gives a framework toward optimal conception of PBRs on a strong physical basis.