OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel in vitro model for the study of bladder and kidney epithelial cell injury akin to stent movement, as ureteric stents are associated with urinary tract complications that can significantly add to patient morbidity. These sequelae may be linked to inflammation triggered by stent-mediated mechanical injury to the urinary tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: T24 bladder and A498 kidney cell line monolayers were damaged mechanically by segments of either Percuflex Plus (PP) or Triumph (triclosan-eluting) stents (both from Boston Scientific Corporation Inc. Natick, MA, USA) and the resulting expression profiles of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors were analysed. RESULTS: After control injury using the PP stent, supernatants of both cell lines had significantly increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor BB, and A498 cells also had increased tumour necrosis factor alpha. In almost all cases, the presence of triclosan within the media abrogated the pro-inflammatory cytokine increases, while its effects on growth factors varied. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that stent-related symptoms in the bladder and kidney may be partially due to a local inflammatory response to epithelial damage caused by the presence and movement of the stent. Future stent design should take these inflammatory responses, with respect to physical injury, into consideration, using either more biocompatible materials or anti-inflammatory compounds such as triclosan.
OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel in vitro model for the study of bladder and kidney epithelial cell injury akin to stent movement, as ureteric stents are associated with urinary tract complications that can significantly add to patient morbidity. These sequelae may be linked to inflammation triggered by stent-mediated mechanical injury to the urinary tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: T24 bladder and A498 kidney cell line monolayers were damaged mechanically by segments of either Percuflex Plus (PP) or Triumph (triclosan-eluting) stents (both from Boston Scientific Corporation Inc. Natick, MA, USA) and the resulting expression profiles of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors were analysed. RESULTS: After control injury using the PP stent, supernatants of both cell lines had significantly increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor BB, and A498 cells also had increased tumour necrosis factor alpha. In almost all cases, the presence of triclosan within the media abrogated the pro-inflammatory cytokine increases, while its effects on growth factors varied. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that stent-related symptoms in the bladder and kidney may be partially due to a local inflammatory response to epithelial damage caused by the presence and movement of the stent. Future stent design should take these inflammatory responses, with respect to physical injury, into consideration, using either more biocompatible materials or anti-inflammatory compounds such as triclosan.
Authors: James I Griffin; Siu Kit Kevin Cheng; Tomoko Hayashi; Dennis Carson; Manju Saraswathy; Devatha P Nair; Dmitri Simberg Journal: Nanomedicine Date: 2017-04-17 Impact factor: 5.307
Authors: Alexandre A Barros; Carlos Oliveira; Ana J Ribeiro; Riccardo Autorino; Rui L Reis; Ana Rita C Duarte; Estevão Lima Journal: World J Urol Date: 2017-11-11 Impact factor: 4.226
Authors: Manju Sharma; Corey Levenson; John C Browning; Emily M Becker; Ian Clements; Paul Castella; Michael E Cox Journal: Front Pharmacol Date: 2018-03-09 Impact factor: 5.810
Authors: Matthias T Buhmann; Dominik Abt; Oliver Nolte; Thomas R Neu; Sebastian Strempel; Werner C Albrich; Patrick Betschart; Valentin Zumstein; Antonia Neels; Katharina Maniura-Weber; Qun Ren Journal: Microbiome Date: 2019-04-13 Impact factor: 14.650