BACKGROUND: Studies of diet and depression have focused primarily on individual nutrients. AIMS: To examine the association between dietary patterns and depression using an overall diet approach. METHOD: Analyses were carried on data from 3486 participants (26.2% women, mean age 55.6 years) from the Whitehall II prospective cohort, in which two dietary patterns were identified: 'whole food' (heavily loaded by vegetables, fruits and fish) and 'processed food' (heavily loaded by sweetened desserts, fried food, processed meat, refined grains and high-fat dairy products). Self-reported depression was assessed 5 years later using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression (CES-D) scale. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the highest tertile of the whole food pattern had lower odds of CES-D depression (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.56-0.99) than those in the lowest tertile. In contrast, high consumption of processed food was associated with an increased odds of CES-D depression (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.11-2.23). CONCLUSIONS: In middle-aged participants, a processed food dietary pattern is a risk factor for CES-D depression 5 years later, whereas a whole food pattern is protective.
BACKGROUND: Studies of diet and depression have focused primarily on individual nutrients. AIMS: To examine the association between dietary patterns and depression using an overall diet approach. METHOD: Analyses were carried on data from 3486 participants (26.2% women, mean age 55.6 years) from the Whitehall II prospective cohort, in which two dietary patterns were identified: 'whole food' (heavily loaded by vegetables, fruits and fish) and 'processed food' (heavily loaded by sweetened desserts, fried food, processed meat, refined grains and high-fat dairy products). Self-reported depression was assessed 5 years later using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression (CES-D) scale. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the highest tertile of the whole food pattern had lower odds of CES-D depression (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.56-0.99) than those in the lowest tertile. In contrast, high consumption of processed food was associated with an increased odds of CES-D depression (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.11-2.23). CONCLUSIONS: In middle-aged participants, a processed food dietary pattern is a risk factor for CES-D depression 5 years later, whereas a whole food pattern is protective.
Authors: Henning Tiemeier; Albert Hofman; H Ruud van Tuijl; Amanda J Kiliaan; John Meijer; Monique M B Breteler Journal: Epidemiology Date: 2003-01 Impact factor: 4.822
Authors: Jerome Sarris; Alan C Logan; Tasnime N Akbaraly; G Paul Amminger; Vicent Balanzá-Martínez; Marlene P Freeman; Joseph Hibbeln; Yutaka Matsuoka; David Mischoulon; Tetsuya Mizoue; Akiko Nanri; Daisuke Nishi; Natalie Parletta; Drew Ramsey; Julia J Rucklidge; Almudena Sanchez-Villegas; Andrew Scholey; Kuan-Pin Su; Felice N Jacka Journal: World Psychiatry Date: 2015-10 Impact factor: 49.548
Authors: Michel Lucas; Patricia Chocano-Bedoya; Matthias B Schulze; Mathias B Shulze; Fariba Mirzaei; Éilis J O'Reilly; Olivia I Okereke; Frank B Hu; Walter C Willett; Alberto Ascherio Journal: Brain Behav Immun Date: 2013-10-01 Impact factor: 7.217