Preoperative antibiotics before endourologic surgery: current recommendations.

The use of antibiotic prophylaxis is an accepted and widely practiced feature of modern surgery. The prevention and control of infection is a priority in healthcare worldwide, and the emergence of antibiotic resistance is a global phenomenon. Hence, rational use of antibiotics is essential. We discuss the guidelines published with regard to endourologic procedures and review the limited evidence currently available. There should be subclassification of endourologic procedures based on infection risk to guide sensible use of antibiotics before surgery.