Children and sun protection.

Sun protection is a central measure to avoid the development of skin cancer and premature aging of the skin. In this context skin protection of children is of particular relevance since children spend a lot of time outdoors and they cannot provide themselves with sun protection measures as adults can. In addition to this sunburn reactions in childhood are particularly important in the development of melanoma skin cancer. This special situation of children with regards to sun protection has not only become aware to dermatologists but also to politicians, which is why a recent recommendation of the European Union explicitly points out the necessity of stringent sun protection of children. This review summarizes the current knowledge about sun protection of children. Underlying mechanisms of skin carcinogenesis in children, available sun protection measures as well as practical advice on daily sun protection of children are discussed.