Rationalizing whole body disinfection.

As part of the preparation for a large prospective trial investigating the effect of preoperative whole body disinfection on the postoperative wound infection rate, this preliminary volunteer study was carried out to establish (a) the optimum number of preoperative washes required to achieve a maximum level of skin disinfection and (b) if showering or bathing is a more efficient method of skin disinfection. Ten healthy volunteers were recruited. The results show a significant decrease (p less than 0.005) in the skin flora after the first and second showers (a decrease of 93.55% and 77.49% respectively), but no further significant fall with subsequent showers. There was a significant fall (p less than 0.005) in skin flora after a single bath (a decrease of 70.98%) with subsequent baths producing no further significant reduction in skin flora. From these results it is recommended that three preoperative showers with 4% chlorhexidine detergent be used as an optimum preoperative whole body disinfection regimen. Three showers ensures against less thorough washing by the patients compared to the healthy volunteers in the study and fits easily into a preoperative regimen.