François Ducray1, Soufiane El Hallani, Ahmed Idbaih. 1. Unité Inserm U842, Service de Neurologie B, Hôpital Neurologique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France. francois.ducray@chu-lyon.fr
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes recent studies on diagnostic and prognostic markers in gliomas such as the BRAF fusion gene in pilocytic astrocytomas and 1p/19q codeletion, O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase status and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1)/IDH2 mutations in diffuse gliomas. RECENT FINDINGS: In pilocytic astrocytomas, the BRAF fusion gene has been recently identified as a specific and frequent event leading to potentially targetable mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation. In grade II/III gliomas and in glioblastomas, chromosome 1p/19q codeletion and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase status remain the most important prognostic and predictive markers. Recently identified mutations in IDH1/IDH2, however, are specific for diffuse gliomas, occur frequently in grade II/III gliomas and are of prognostic value in grade III gliomas, as well in glioblastomas in which they characterize secondary glioblastomas. SUMMARY: Extensive molecular studies have enabled the discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic markers that are refining the histomolecular classification of gliomas.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes recent studies on diagnostic and prognostic markers in gliomas such as the BRAF fusion gene in pilocytic astrocytomas and 1p/19q codeletion, O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase status and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1)/IDH2 mutations in diffuse gliomas. RECENT FINDINGS: In pilocytic astrocytomas, the BRAF fusion gene has been recently identified as a specific and frequent event leading to potentially targetable mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation. In grade II/III gliomas and in glioblastomas, chromosome 1p/19q codeletion and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase status remain the most important prognostic and predictive markers. Recently identified mutations in IDH1/IDH2, however, are specific for diffuse gliomas, occur frequently in grade II/III gliomas and are of prognostic value in grade III gliomas, as well in glioblastomas in which they characterize secondary glioblastomas. SUMMARY: Extensive molecular studies have enabled the discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic markers that are refining the histomolecular classification of gliomas.
Authors: A Hilario; J M Sepulveda; A Perez-Nuñez; E Salvador; J M Millan; A Hernandez-Lain; V Rodriguez-Gonzalez; A Lagares; A Ramos Journal: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol Date: 2014-01-23 Impact factor: 3.825