Lori Mandelzweig1, Ilya Novikov, Siegal Sadetzki. 1. Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Gertner Institute of Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Although causal relationships between smoking and cancer risk have been established for many sites, most studies of brain cancer have not supported an association. However, two recent cohort studies showed increased risks of glioma among smokers. We quantified the association between smoking and glioma through a meta-analysis of the literature. METHODS: Of 20 eligible studies, 17 (6 cohort and 11 case–control) were included in an analysis of ever versus never smoking. Multivariate-adjusted risk estimates in the papers were pooled to calculate cumulative risk. RESULTS: The cumulative estimated risk associated with ever smoking was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.97–1.15), for all, 1.10 (95% CI: 1.01–1.20) for cohort, and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.88–1.15) for case–control studies. A significantly increased risk associated with past smoking was noted for cohort studies, OR = 1.16 (p = 0.007), while an increased risk of borderline significance was seen for all studies, OR = 1.10 (p = 0.08). In general, dose–response analysis did not support an association and was limited because very few studies included these variables and could be pooled. CONCLUSION: Overall, results of pooling of all studies suggested that smoking is not associated with risk of glioma. However, the small but significant increased risk seen for cohort studies remains to be clarified.
OBJECTIVE: Although causal relationships between smoking and cancer risk have been established for many sites, most studies of brain cancer have not supported an association. However, two recent cohort studies showed increased risks of glioma among smokers. We quantified the association between smoking and glioma through a meta-analysis of the literature. METHODS: Of 20 eligible studies, 17 (6 cohort and 11 case–control) were included in an analysis of ever versus never smoking. Multivariate-adjusted risk estimates in the papers were pooled to calculate cumulative risk. RESULTS: The cumulative estimated risk associated with ever smoking was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.97–1.15), for all, 1.10 (95% CI: 1.01–1.20) for cohort, and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.88–1.15) for case–control studies. A significantly increased risk associated with past smoking was noted for cohort studies, OR = 1.16 (p = 0.007), while an increased risk of borderline significance was seen for all studies, OR = 1.10 (p = 0.08). In general, dose–response analysis did not support an association and was limited because very few studies included these variables and could be pooled. CONCLUSION: Overall, results of pooling of all studies suggested that smoking is not associated with risk of glioma. However, the small but significant increased risk seen for cohort studies remains to be clarified.
Authors: Robert Dubrow; Amy S Darefsky; Yikyung Park; Susan T Mayne; Steven C Moore; Briseis Kilfoy; Amanda J Cross; Rashmi Sinha; Albert R Hollenbeck; Arthur Schatzkin; Mary H Ward Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2010-06-22 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Gabriella M Anic; Melissa H Madden; Kelly Sincich; Reid C Thompson; L Burton Nabors; Jeffrey J Olson; Renato V LaRocca; James E Browning; Edward Pan; Kathleen M Egan Journal: Eur J Epidemiol Date: 2013-05-17 Impact factor: 8.082
Authors: M Z Braganza; P Rajaraman; Y Park; P D Inskip; N D Freedman; A R Hollenbeck; A Berrington de González; C M Kitahara Journal: Br J Cancer Date: 2013-12-12 Impact factor: 7.640
Authors: Daniel I Jacobs; Kyle M Walsh; Margaret Wrensch; John Wiencke; Robert Jenkins; Richard S Houlston; Melissa Bondy; Matthias Simon; Marc Sanson; Konstantinos Gousias; Johannes Schramm; Marianne Labussière; Anna Luisa Di Stefano; H-Erich Wichmann; Martina Müller-Nurasyid; Stefan Schreiber; Andre Franke; Susanne Moebus; Lewin Eisele; Andrew T Dewan; Robert Dubrow Journal: Front Genet Date: 2012-10-12 Impact factor: 4.599
Authors: Theodoros N Sergentanis; Georgios Tsivgoulis; Christina Perlepe; Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos; Ioannis-Georgios Tzanninis; Ioannis N Sergentanis; Theodora Psaltopoulou Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-09-02 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Stephen Vida; Lesley Richardson; Elisabeth Cardis; Daniel Krewski; Mary McBride; Marie-Elise Parent; Michal Abrahamowicz; Karen Leffondré; Jack Siemiatycki Journal: Environ Health Date: 2014-06-27 Impact factor: 5.984