Transfer of Actinomadura spadix Nonomura and Ohara 1971 to Actinoallomurus spadix gen. nov., comb. nov., and description of Actinoallomurus amamiensis sp. nov., Actinoallomurus caesius sp. nov., Actinoallomurus coprocola sp. nov., Actinoallomurus fulvus sp. nov., Actinoallomurus iriomotensis sp. nov., Actinoallomurus luridus sp. nov., Actinoallomurus purpureus sp. nov. and Actinoallomurus yoronensis sp. nov.

Ten actinomycete strains that form chains of spiral or looped spores were isolated from soil and dung samples in Japan. They contained D- and L-lysine, meso-diaminopimelic acid (A2pm), D-glutamic acid and D- and L-alanine in the cell-wall peptidoglycan, madurose as a characteristic whole-cell sugar, MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8) as the major isoprenoid quinones and iso-C16:0 as the major cellular fatty acid and showed genomic DNA G+C contents of 69-74 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolated actinomycete strains consistently formed a monophyletic cluster with Actinomadura spadix NBRC 14099T and a separate line of descent in the phylogenetic cluster of the family Thermomonosporaceae. Actinomadura spadix NBRC 14099T also contained D- and L-lysine in addition to meso-A2pm. This genetic and phenotypic evidence revealed that the actinomycete strains could be clearly differentiated from the other members of the family Thermomonosporaceae and that they warranted separate genus status. We conclude that Actinomadura spadix should be assigned the status of the type species of a new genus as Actinoallomurus spadix gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain NBRC 14099T=ATCC 27298T=BCRC 13386T=CBS 261.72T=CIP 105479T=DSM 43459T=JCM 3146T=KCTC 9252T=NCIMB 11118T=NRRL B-16128T). Further, we conclude that the ten new isolates should be assigned to the novel species Actinoallomurus amamiensis sp. nov. (type strain TT00-28T=NBRC 103682T=KCTC 19537T), Actinoallomurus caesius sp. nov. (type strain A3015T=NBRC 103678T=KCTC 19535T), Actinoallomurus coprocola sp. nov. (type strain TT04-09T=NBRC 103688T=KCTC 19542T), Actinoallomurus fulvus sp. nov. (type strain TT99-66T=NBRC 103680T=KCTC 19536T), Actinoallomurus iriomotensis sp. nov. (type strain TT02-47T=NBRC 103685T=KCTC 19539T), Actinoallomurus luridus sp. nov. (type strain TT02-15T=NBRC 103683T=KCTC 19538T), Actinoallomurus purpureus sp. nov. (type strain TTN02-30T=NBRC 103687T=KCTC 19541T) and Actinoallomurus yoronensis sp. nov. (type strain TTN02-22T=NBRC 103686T=KCTC 19540T).