The great toe: failed turf toe, chronic turf toe, and complicated sesamoid injuries.

Turf toe injuries and sesamoid injuries are challenging because of the variety of causes that exist as sources of pain. Through a systematic approach to evaluation, injuries to the hallux metatarsophalangeal joint can be diagnosed properly. Correct diagnosis leads to accurate and efficient treatment. If conservative measures fail, operative interventions are available to relieve pain and restore function. With careful surgical technique and appropriate postoperative management, athletes can return to play and efficiently reach their pre-injury level of participation.