BACKGROUND: Several studies show that proteins, including whey and casein, are more satiating than carbohydrates. It follows that skim milk would be more satiating than sugar-rich beverages. However, this has yet to be shown. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate the effects of drinking skim milk in comparison with a fruit drink at breakfast on self-reported postmeal satiety and energy intake at lunch. DESIGN: In a randomized crossover trial, 34 overweight women (n = 21) and men (n = 13) attended 2 sessions 1 wk apart. At each session, participants consumed a fixed-energy breakfast together with either 600 mL skim milk (25 g protein, 36 g lactose, <1 g fat; 1062 kJ) or 600 mL fruit drink (<1 g protein, 63 g sugar, <1 g fat; approximately 1062 kJ). Participants provided satiety ratings throughout the morning. Four hours after breakfast they consumed an ad libitum lunch, and energy intake was assessed. RESULTS: Participants consumed significantly less energy at lunch after consuming skim milk (mean: 2432 kJ; 95% CI: 2160, 2704 kJ) than after consuming the fruit drink (mean: 2658 kJ; 95% CI: 2386, 2930 kJ), with a mean difference of approximately 8.5% (P < 0.05). In addition, self-reports of satiety were higher throughout the morning after consumption of skim milk than after consumption of the fruit drink (P < 0.05) with the differences becoming larger over the 4 h (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Consumption of skim milk, in comparison with a fruit drink, leads to increased perceptions of satiety and to decreased energy intake at a subsequent meal. This trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry at (www.anzctr.org.au) as ACTRN12608000510347.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Several studies show that proteins, including whey and casein, are more satiating than carbohydrates. It follows that skim milk would be more satiating than sugar-rich beverages. However, this has yet to be shown. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate the effects of drinking skim milk in comparison with a fruit drink at breakfast on self-reported postmeal satiety and energy intake at lunch. DESIGN: In a randomized crossover trial, 34 overweight women (n = 21) and men (n = 13) attended 2 sessions 1 wk apart. At each session, participants consumed a fixed-energy breakfast together with either 600 mL skim milk (25 g protein, 36 g lactose, <1 g fat; 1062 kJ) or 600 mL fruit drink (<1 g protein, 63 g sugar, <1 g fat; approximately 1062 kJ). Participants provided satiety ratings throughout the morning. Four hours after breakfast they consumed an ad libitum lunch, and energy intake was assessed. RESULTS:Participants consumed significantly less energy at lunch after consuming skim milk (mean: 2432 kJ; 95% CI: 2160, 2704 kJ) than after consuming the fruit drink (mean: 2658 kJ; 95% CI: 2386, 2930 kJ), with a mean difference of approximately 8.5% (P < 0.05). In addition, self-reports of satiety were higher throughout the morning after consumption of skim milk than after consumption of the fruit drink (P < 0.05) with the differences becoming larger over the 4 h (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Consumption of skim milk, in comparison with a fruit drink, leads to increased perceptions of satiety and to decreased energy intake at a subsequent meal. This trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry at (www.anzctr.org.au) as ACTRN12608000510347.
Authors: Line Q Bendtsen; Janne K Lorenzen; Nathalie T Bendsen; Charlotte Rasmussen; Arne Astrup Journal: Adv Nutr Date: 2013-07-01 Impact factor: 8.701
Authors: Caren E Smith; Jack L Follis; Hassan S Dashti; Toshiko Tanaka; Mariaelisa Graff; Amanda M Fretts; Tuomas O Kilpeläinen; Mary K Wojczynski; Kris Richardson; Mike A Nalls; Christina-Alexandra Schulz; Yongmei Liu; Alexis C Frazier-Wood; Esther van Eekelen; Carol Wang; Paul S de Vries; Vera Mikkilä; Rebecca Rohde; Bruce M Psaty; Torben Hansen; Mary F Feitosa; Chao-Qiang Lai; Denise K Houston; Luigi Ferruci; Ulrika Ericson; Zhe Wang; Renée de Mutsert; Wendy H Oddy; Ester A L de Jonge; Ilkka Seppälä; Anne E Justice; Rozenn N Lemaitre; Thorkild I A Sørensen; Michael A Province; Laurence D Parnell; Melissa E Garcia; Stefania Bandinelli; Marju Orho-Melander; Stephen S Rich; Frits R Rosendaal; Craig E Pennell; Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong; Mika Kähönen; Kristin L Young; Oluf Pedersen; Stella Aslibekyan; Jerome I Rotter; Dennis O Mook-Kanamori; M Carola Zillikens; Olli T Raitakari; Kari E North; Kim Overvad; Donna K Arnett; Albert Hofman; Terho Lehtimäki; Anne Tjønneland; André G Uitterlinden; Fernando Rivadeneira; Oscar H Franco; J Bruce German; David S Siscovick; L Adrienne Cupples; José M Ordovás Journal: Mol Nutr Food Res Date: 2017-12-11 Impact factor: 5.914
Authors: Timothy D Heden; Ying Liu; Lauren Sims; Monica L Kearney; Adam T Whaley-Connell; Anand Chockalingam; Kevin C Dellsperger; Timothy J Fairchild; Jill A Kanaley Journal: Eur J Endocrinol Date: 2013-03-15 Impact factor: 6.558