OBJECTIVES: This study's primary aim was to determine levels of acute and persistent postoperative pain and the incidence of severe postoperative pain after mastectomy. A secondary aim was to examine factors associated with postoperative pain. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study of 196 female breast surgery subjects was conducted. Data were collected on: numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) and at 1 month and 6-12 months postoperative; age; race; insurance; obesity; radiotherapy; chemotherapy; hypertension; anesthesia care time; and intraoperative and PACU opioid use. Severe postoperative pain was defined as NAS > or = 5. Data were analyzed using chi square, Fisher's exact test or analysis of variance, with alpha = 0.05. RESULTS: PACU pain and the incidence of severe PACU pain increased with surgical complexity (P < 0.005). PACU pain scores averaged 4.71 +/- 0.24 and 57.7% of subjects experienced severe pain. Postoperative pain scores at 1 or 6-12 months did not vary by surgical complexity and averaged 2.21 +/- 0.32 and 0.74 +/- 0.22, respectively. Severe postoperative pain was experienced by 22.1% of subjects at 1 month and 8.2% of subjects at 6-12 months. Older age and systolic hypertension were associated with less PACU pain. Non-White race, obesity, and high PACU opioid use were associated with greater postoperative pain at 1 month. Non-White people also had greater postoperative pain at 6-12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that nearly 60% of breast surgery patients experience severe acute postoperative pain, with severe pain persisting for 6-12 months in almost 10% of patients.
OBJECTIVES: This study's primary aim was to determine levels of acute and persistent postoperative pain and the incidence of severe postoperative pain after mastectomy. A secondary aim was to examine factors associated with postoperative pain. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study of 196 female breast surgery subjects was conducted. Data were collected on: numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) and at 1 month and 6-12 months postoperative; age; race; insurance; obesity; radiotherapy; chemotherapy; hypertension; anesthesia care time; and intraoperative and PACU opioid use. Severe postoperative pain was defined as NAS > or = 5. Data were analyzed using chi square, Fisher's exact test or analysis of variance, with alpha = 0.05. RESULTS:PACUpain and the incidence of severe PACUpain increased with surgical complexity (P < 0.005). PACUpain scores averaged 4.71 +/- 0.24 and 57.7% of subjects experienced severe pain. Postoperative pain scores at 1 or 6-12 months did not vary by surgical complexity and averaged 2.21 +/- 0.32 and 0.74 +/- 0.22, respectively. Severe postoperative pain was experienced by 22.1% of subjects at 1 month and 8.2% of subjects at 6-12 months. Older age and systolic hypertension were associated with less PACUpain. Non-White race, obesity, and high PACU opioid use were associated with greater postoperative pain at 1 month. Non-White people also had greater postoperative pain at 6-12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that nearly 60% of breast surgery patients experience severe acute postoperative pain, with severe pain persisting for 6-12 months in almost 10% of patients.
Authors: Kimberly Stephens; Bruce A Cooper; Claudia West; Steven M Paul; Christina R Baggott; John D Merriman; Anand Dhruva; Kord M Kober; Dale J Langford; Heather Leutwyler; Judith A Luce; Brian L Schmidt; Gary M Abrams; Charles Elboim; Deborah Hamolsky; Jon D Levine; Christine Miaskowski; Bradley E Aouizerat Journal: J Pain Date: 2013-10-12 Impact factor: 5.820
Authors: Christine Miaskowski; Steven M Paul; Bruce Cooper; Claudia West; Jon D Levine; Charles Elboim; Deborah Hamolsky; Gary Abrams; Judith Luce; Anand Dhruva; Dale J Langford; John D Merriman; Kord Kober; Christina Baggott; Heather Leutwyler; Bradley E Aouizerat Journal: Eur J Oncol Nurs Date: 2014-01-29 Impact factor: 2.398
Authors: D Parvizi; H Friedl; P Wurzer; Lp Kamolz; P Lebo; A Tuca; T Rappl; M Wiedner; K Kuess; M Grohmann; H Koch Journal: Obes Surg Date: 2015-08 Impact factor: 4.129
Authors: Christine Miaskowski; Bruce Cooper; Steven M Paul; Claudia West; Dale Langford; Jon D Levine; Gary Abrams; Deborah Hamolsky; Laura Dunn; Marylin Dodd; John Neuhaus; Christina Baggott; Anand Dhruva; Brian Schmidt; Janine Cataldo; John Merriman; Bradley E Aouizerat Journal: J Pain Date: 2012-12 Impact factor: 5.820