| Literature DB >> 19342239 |
Haico van Attikum1, Susan M Gasser.
Abstract
Chromatin structure has a crucial role in processes of metabolism, including transcription, DNA replication and DNA damage repair. An evolutionarily conserved variant of histone H2A, called H2AX, is one of the key components of chromatin. H2AX becomes rapidly phosphorylated on chromatin surrounding DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Recent studies have shown that H2AX and other components of damaged chromatin also become modified by acetylation and ubiquitylation. This review discusses how specific combinations of histone modifications affect the accumulation and function of DNA repair factors (MDC1, RNF8, RNF168, 53BP1, BRCA1) and chromatin remodeling complexes (INO80, SWR1, TIP60-p400) at DSBs. These collectively regulate DSB repair and checkpoint arrest, avoiding genomic instability and oncogenic transformation in higher eukaryotes.Entities:
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Year: 2009 PMID： 19342239 DOI： 10.1016/j.tcb.2009.03.001
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Trends Cell Biol ISSN： 0962-8924 Impact factor: 20.808