BACKGROUND: Bovine vaccinia is an exanthematic disease caused by Vaccinia virus (VACV). This zoonosis has been associated with several cases of bovine infection, particularly in milk herds. Farmers, milkers and their close contacts developed lesions on the hands, forearms, legs and face accompanied by fever, headache, malaise, myalgia and axillary, inguinal and cervical lymphadenopathy. VACV infections have a significant public health impact due to their occupational character, high frequency of transmission and the improper medical treatment often applied. OBJECTIVES: To study natural human infection by VACV and to analyze clinical and epidemiological aspects, emphasizing the patients' immunological status. STUDY DESIGN: Ninety-eight individuals from rural properties with bovine vaccinia (BV) outbreaks who were at risk due to contact were submitted to epidemiological and clinical studies. From these individuals, 54 sera were analyzed by serological and molecular procedures. This study was conducted in Rio de Janeiro State from September 2002 to October 2006. RESULTS: The clinical frequency of infection was 52.0%, with 57.4% ELISA and 43.0% PRNT-positive reactions. DNAemia was detected in 18.5% of the analyzed sera, and 50% of smallpox-vaccinated individuals developed symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the high clinical frequency of human VACV infection, even among vaccinated individuals. The infection was related to detection of IgG- or IgM-specific antibodies that correlates in most of the cases with positive PRNT. The DNAemia suggests viremia during VACV natural infections. Our data indicate that patients vaccinated against smallpox may no longer be protected.
BACKGROUND:Bovinevaccinia is an exanthematic disease caused by Vaccinia virus (VACV). This zoonosis has been associated with several cases of bovineinfection, particularly in milk herds. Farmers, milkers and their close contacts developed lesions on the hands, forearms, legs and face accompanied by fever, headache, malaise, myalgia and axillary, inguinal and cervical lymphadenopathy. VACV infections have a significant public health impact due to their occupational character, high frequency of transmission and the improper medical treatment often applied. OBJECTIVES: To study natural humaninfection by VACV and to analyze clinical and epidemiological aspects, emphasizing the patients' immunological status. STUDY DESIGN: Ninety-eight individuals from rural properties with bovinevaccinia (BV) outbreaks who were at risk due to contact were submitted to epidemiological and clinical studies. From these individuals, 54 sera were analyzed by serological and molecular procedures. This study was conducted in Rio de Janeiro State from September 2002 to October 2006. RESULTS: The clinical frequency of infection was 52.0%, with 57.4% ELISA and 43.0% PRNT-positive reactions. DNAemia was detected in 18.5% of the analyzed sera, and 50% of smallpox-vaccinated individuals developed symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the high clinical frequency of humanVACVinfection, even among vaccinated individuals. The infection was related to detection of IgG- or IgM-specific antibodies that correlates in most of the cases with positive PRNT. The DNAemia suggests viremia during VACV natural infections. Our data indicate that patients vaccinated against smallpox may no longer be protected.
Authors: Graziele Pereira Oliveira; André Tavares Silva Fernandes; Felipe Lopes de Assis; Pedro Augusto Alves; Ana Paula Moreira Franco Luiz; Leandra Barcelos Figueiredo; Cláudia Maria Costa de Almeida; Carlos Eurico Pires Ferreira Travassos; Giliane de Souza Trindade; Jônatas Santos Abrahão; Erna Geessien Kroon Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2014-03-10 Impact factor: 2.345
Authors: Ariana G Bravo Cruz; Aiguo Han; Edward J Roy; Arielle B Guzmán; Rita J Miller; Elizabeth A Driskell; William D O'Brien; Joanna L Shisler Journal: J Virol Date: 2017-07-12 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Galileu Barbosa Costa; Jaqueline Silva de Oliveira; Michael B Townsend; William C Carson; Iara Apolinário Borges; Andrea M McCollum; Erna Geessien Kroon; Panayampalli Subbian Satheshkumar; Mary G Reynolds; Yoshinori J Nakazawa; Giliane de Souza Trindade Journal: Pathogens Date: 2021-04-23
Authors: Jônatas S Abrahão; Maria Isabel M Guedes; Giliane S Trindade; Flávio G Fonseca; Rafael K Campos; Bruno F Mota; Zélia I P Lobato; André T Silva-Fernandes; Gisele O L Rodrigues; Larissa S Lima; Paulo C P Ferreira; Cláudio A Bonjardim; Erna G Kroon Journal: PLoS One Date: 2009-10-19 Impact factor: 3.240