BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is classically assumed to be a neurodegenerative disorder. Inflammation has been observed in CNS tissue in ALS patients. We investigated the expression and prognostic relevance of proinflammatory chemokines in ALS. METHODS: We analyzed nine chemokines, eotaxin, eotaxin-3, IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-4, macrophage derived chemokine (MDC), macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1beta), and serum thymus and activation- regulated chemokine (TARC) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 20 ALS- and 20 non-inflammatory neurological disease (NIND)-patients. RESULTS: MCP-1 and IL-8 levels in CSF in ALS were significantly higher than in NIND (1304 pg/ml vs. 1055 pg/ml, P = 0.013 and 22.7 pg/ml vs. 18.6 pg/ml, P = 0.035). The expression of MCP-1 and IL-8 were higher in CSF than in serum (P < 0.001). There was a trend towards higher MCP-1 CSF levels in ALS patients with shorter time between first symptoms and diagnosis (r = -0.407; P = 0.075). CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed previous findings of increased MCP-1 levels in CSF of ALS patients. Furthermore, increased levels of IL-8 in CSF suggest a stimulation of a proinflammatory cytokine cascade after microglia activation. We found a tendency for higher MCP-1 values in patients with a shorter diagnostic delay, who are known to have also a shorter survival. This may suggest an association of higher MCP-1 levels with rapidly progressing disease.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is classically assumed to be a neurodegenerative disorder. Inflammation has been observed in CNS tissue in ALSpatients. We investigated the expression and prognostic relevance of proinflammatory chemokines in ALS. METHODS: We analyzed nine chemokines, eotaxin, eotaxin-3, IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-4, macrophage derived chemokine (MDC), macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1beta), and serum thymus and activation- regulated chemokine (TARC) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 20 ALS- and 20 non-inflammatory neurological disease (NIND)-patients. RESULTS:MCP-1 and IL-8 levels in CSF in ALS were significantly higher than in NIND (1304 pg/ml vs. 1055 pg/ml, P = 0.013 and 22.7 pg/ml vs. 18.6 pg/ml, P = 0.035). The expression of MCP-1 and IL-8 were higher in CSF than in serum (P < 0.001). There was a trend towards higher MCP-1 CSF levels in ALSpatients with shorter time between first symptoms and diagnosis (r = -0.407; P = 0.075). CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed previous findings of increased MCP-1 levels in CSF of ALSpatients. Furthermore, increased levels of IL-8 in CSF suggest a stimulation of a proinflammatory cytokine cascade after microglia activation. We found a tendency for higher MCP-1 values in patients with a shorter diagnostic delay, who are known to have also a shorter survival. This may suggest an association of higher MCP-1 levels with rapidly progressing disease.
Authors: W T Hu; A Chen-Plotkin; M Grossman; S E Arnold; C M Clark; L M Shaw; L McCluskey; L Elman; H I Hurtig; A Siderowf; V M-Y Lee; H Soares; J Q Trojanowski Journal: Neurology Date: 2010-11-03 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: F Geser; D Prvulovic; L O'Dwyer; O Hardiman; P Bede; A L W Bokde; J Q Trojanowski; H Hampel Journal: Prog Neurobiol Date: 2011-09-03 Impact factor: 11.685
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Authors: Lisa Zondler; Marisa S Feiler; Axel Freischmidt; Wolfgang P Ruf; Albert C Ludolph; Karin M Danzer; Jochen H Weishaupt Journal: Immunol Cell Biol Date: 2016-09-12 Impact factor: 5.126