Three-dimensional finite element analysis of load transmission using different implant inclinations and cantilever lengths.

Many clinical studies have reported high survival rates for tilted implants. However, tilted implants transmit increased stress to bone when compared to vertically placed implants. Theoretical (computer-based), laboratory, and clinical studies are warranted to effectively address this issue. In this study, a 3-dimensional finite element analysis was performed to analyze the stress values surrounding tilted versus vertical implants. The results revealed laboratory and biomechanical evidence that distal tilting of implants, splinted in full fixed prostheses without cantilevers, reduced the amount of stress generated around the peri-implant bone when compared to the levels of stress seen in peri-implant bone with vertical implants and cantilevered segments in similar full fixed prostheses.