BACKGROUND: Norovirus (NoV) infection is thought to be confined to the intestines, whereas many reports suggest antigenemia and viremia occur during rotavirus gastroenteritis. OBJECTIVES: To detect NoV RNA in sera and cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from NoV-infected children, and to quantify and genetically characterize the NoV found in these compartments. STUDY DESIGN: Semi-nested PCR was conducted on stool, serum and CSF samples from 56 patients with acute gastroenteritis. Positive samples for NoV were analyzed further by sequencing and real-time PCR. RESULTS: From 39 patients with NoV RNA in stools, 6 also had NoV RNA in sera and none had NoV RNA in CSF. Genotypes of the NoV in stool and serum from the same patient matched completely. The strains in this study had high homology (98.1-100%) with registered strains in the database. The median viral load in stools of the serum-positive patients was greater than that of the serum-negative patients, but this difference was not statistically significant (9.8 x 10(9)copies/g versus 1.1 x 10(9)copies/g (p=0.117)). CONCLUSIONS: NoV RNA appeared in the blood stream in 15% of the patients of NoV gastroenteritis. Although the viral load in stool was not statistically correlated with NoV appearance in serum, genetic analysis indicated that NoV RNA in sera originated from the NoV gastroenteritis.
BACKGROUND:Norovirus (NoV) infection is thought to be confined to the intestines, whereas many reports suggest antigenemia and viremia occur during rotavirus gastroenteritis. OBJECTIVES: To detect NoV RNA in sera and cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from NoV-infectedchildren, and to quantify and genetically characterize the NoV found in these compartments. STUDY DESIGN: Semi-nested PCR was conducted on stool, serum and CSF samples from 56 patients with acute gastroenteritis. Positive samples for NoV were analyzed further by sequencing and real-time PCR. RESULTS: From 39 patients with NoV RNA in stools, 6 also had NoV RNA in sera and none had NoV RNA in CSF. Genotypes of the NoV in stool and serum from the same patient matched completely. The strains in this study had high homology (98.1-100%) with registered strains in the database. The median viral load in stools of the serum-positive patients was greater than that of the serum-negative patients, but this difference was not statistically significant (9.8 x 10(9)copies/g versus 1.1 x 10(9)copies/g (p=0.117)). CONCLUSIONS: NoV RNA appeared in the blood stream in 15% of the patients of NoV gastroenteritis. Although the viral load in stool was not statistically correlated with NoV appearance in serum, genetic analysis indicated that NoV RNA in sera originated from the NoV gastroenteritis.
Authors: Stephanie M Karst; Christiane E Wobus; Ian G Goodfellow; Kim Y Green; Herbert W Virgin Journal: Cell Host Microbe Date: 2014-06-11 Impact factor: 21.023
Authors: Karin Bok; Gabriel I Parra; Tanaji Mitra; Eugenio Abente; Charlene K Shaver; Denali Boon; Ronald Engle; Claro Yu; Albert Z Kapikian; Stanislav V Sosnovtsev; Robert H Purcell; Kim Y Green Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2010-12-20 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Carolyne N Ngoi; Juliana Siqueira; Linlin Li; Xutao Deng; Peter Mugo; Susan M Graham; Matt A Price; Eduard J Sanders; Eric Delwart Journal: J Gen Virol Date: 2016-10-24 Impact factor: 3.891
Authors: Margarita K Lay; Robert L Atmar; Susana Guix; Uddalak Bharadwaj; Hong He; Frederick H Neill; K Jagannadha Sastry; Qizhi Yao; Mary K Estes Journal: Virology Date: 2010-07-29 Impact factor: 3.616
Authors: Larissa B Thackray; Erning Duan; Helen M Lazear; Amal Kambal; Robert D Schreiber; Michael S Diamond; Herbert W Virgin Journal: J Virol Date: 2012-10-03 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Susanne Pfefferle; Samuel Oppong; Jan Felix Drexler; Florian Gloza-Rausch; Anne Ipsen; Antje Seebens; Marcel A Müller; Augustina Annan; Peter Vallo; Yaw Adu-Sarkodie; Thomas F Kruppa; Christian Drosten Journal: Emerg Infect Dis Date: 2009-09 Impact factor: 6.883