BACKGROUND/AIM: Norms for change in Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score suggest that only a decline of at least 2-4 points indicates a reliable change. However, it is unknown whether change norms (Reliable Change Indices, RCIs) of the MMSE total score are suitable to predict future dementia. METHODS: 554 elderly individuals aged 75 and over without dementia at the first 2 visits were tested with the MMSE at a maximum of 6 visits with 1.5-year intervals. Two different RCIs for change in MMSE score (first to second visit) were computed - one RCI which corrects for practice and one RCI which corrects for regression to the mean. The main outcome measure was the diagnosis of dementia. RESULTS: During the study, 88 persons developed dementia. RCIs were significantly associated with future dementia diagnosis. The best cutoff for raw change in MMSE total score to predict dementia was -1 point (sensitivity = 48%, specificity = 67%, relative risk = 1.6). With the RCI + regression to the mean, the diagnostic accuracy was moderate (sensitivity = 61%, specificity = 72%, relative risk = 3.2). CONCLUSION: A change in MMSE total score is significantly associated with future dementia, but the diagnostic accuracy for dementia prediction is rather low.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Norms for change in Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score suggest that only a decline of at least 2-4 points indicates a reliable change. However, it is unknown whether change norms (Reliable Change Indices, RCIs) of the MMSE total score are suitable to predict future dementia. METHODS: 554 elderly individuals aged 75 and over without dementia at the first 2 visits were tested with the MMSE at a maximum of 6 visits with 1.5-year intervals. Two different RCIs for change in MMSE score (first to second visit) were computed - one RCI which corrects for practice and one RCI which corrects for regression to the mean. The main outcome measure was the diagnosis of dementia. RESULTS: During the study, 88 persons developed dementia. RCIs were significantly associated with future dementia diagnosis. The best cutoff for raw change in MMSE total score to predict dementia was -1 point (sensitivity = 48%, specificity = 67%, relative risk = 1.6). With the RCI + regression to the mean, the diagnostic accuracy was moderate (sensitivity = 61%, specificity = 72%, relative risk = 3.2). CONCLUSION: A change in MMSE total score is significantly associated with future dementia, but the diagnostic accuracy for dementia prediction is rather low.
Authors: J Santabárbara; R Lopez-Anton; P Gracia-García; C De-la-Cámara; D Vaquero-Puyuelo; E Lobo; G Marcos; L Salvador-Carulla; T Palomo; N Sartorius; A Lobo Journal: Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci Date: 2015-10-15 Impact factor: 6.892
Authors: Andrew Smyth; Mahshid Dehghan; Martin O'Donnell; Craig Anderson; Koon Teo; Peggy Gao; Peter Sleight; Gilles Dagenais; Jeffrey L Probstfield; Andrew Mente; Salim Yusuf Journal: Neurology Date: 2015-05-06 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: Susan Jongstra; Willem A van Gool; Eric P Moll van Charante; Jan-Willem van Dalen; Lisa S M Eurelings; Edo Richard; Suzanne A Ligthart Journal: Ann Fam Med Date: 2018-05 Impact factor: 5.166
Authors: Aidan Kenny; Hazel McArdle; Miguel Calero; Alberto Rabano; Stephen F Madden; Kellie Adamson; Robert Forster; Elaine Spain; Jochen H M Prehn; David C Henshall; Miguel Medina; Eva M Jimenez-Mateos; Tobias Engel Journal: Biomolecules Date: 2019-11-13
Authors: Sam T Creavin; Susanna Wisniewski; Anna H Noel-Storr; Clare M Trevelyan; Thomas Hampton; Dane Rayment; Victoria M Thom; Kirsty J E Nash; Hosam Elhamoui; Rowena Milligan; Anish S Patel; Demitra V Tsivos; Tracey Wing; Emma Phillips; Sophie M Kellman; Hannah L Shackleton; Georgina F Singleton; Bethany E Neale; Martha E Watton; Sarah Cullum Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2016-01-13