STUDY DESIGN: Review of the literature on the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). OBJECTIVE: To discuss the different theories that have appeared on this subject. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The pathogenesis of AIS, a condition exclusive to humans, has been the subject of many studies. Over the years, practically every structure of the body has been mentioned in the pathogenesis of AIS; however, the cause of this spinal deformity remains little understood. The pathogenesis of this condition is termed multifactorial. METHODS: PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases were searched focused on parameters concerning the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The search was limited to the English language. RESULTS: No single causative factor for the development of idiopathic scoliosis has been identified, it is thus termed multifactorial. AIS is a complex genetic disorder. The fully erect posture, which is unique to humans, seems to be a prerequisite for the development of AIS. CONCLUSION: Although any or all of the mentioned factors in this review may play a certain role in the initiation and progression of AIS at a certain stage, the presented material suggests that in the observed deformation, genetics, and the unique mechanics of the fully upright human spine play a decisive role.
STUDY DESIGN: Review of the literature on the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). OBJECTIVE: To discuss the different theories that have appeared on this subject. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The pathogenesis of AIS, a condition exclusive to humans, has been the subject of many studies. Over the years, practically every structure of the body has been mentioned in the pathogenesis of AIS; however, the cause of this spinal deformity remains little understood. The pathogenesis of this condition is termed multifactorial. METHODS: PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases were searched focused on parameters concerning the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The search was limited to the English language. RESULTS: No single causative factor for the development of idiopathic scoliosis has been identified, it is thus termed multifactorial. AIS is a complex genetic disorder. The fully erect posture, which is unique to humans, seems to be a prerequisite for the development of AIS. CONCLUSION: Although any or all of the mentioned factors in this review may play a certain role in the initiation and progression of AIS at a certain stage, the presented material suggests that in the observed deformation, genetics, and the unique mechanics of the fully upright human spine play a decisive role.
Authors: Tom P C Schlösser; Tom Semple; Siobhán B Carr; Simon Padley; Michael R Loebinger; Claire Hogg; René M Castelein Journal: Eur Spine J Date: 2017-02-08 Impact factor: 3.134
Authors: Wei Wei Jiang; Connie Lok Kan Cheng; Jason Pui Yin Cheung; Dino Samartzis; Kelly Ka Lee Lai; Michael Kai Tsun To; Yong Ping Zheng Journal: Eur Spine J Date: 2018-06-25 Impact factor: 3.134
Authors: Theodoros B Grivas; R Geoffrey Burwell; Constantinos Mihas; Elias S Vasiliadis; Georgios Triantafyllopoulos; Angelos Kaspiris Journal: Scoliosis Date: 2009-06-30
Authors: A A Benjamin de Vries; Margriet G Mullender; Winand J Pluymakers; René M Castelein; Barend J van Royen Journal: Eur Spine J Date: 2010-03-19 Impact factor: 3.134