BACKGROUND: Solar lentigines (SL) are frequent benign skin lesions appearing on sun-exposed areas especially in elderly people and therefore represent a hallmark of (photo)aged skin. It has been proposed that SL may subsequently evolve into adenoid seborrhoeic keratosis (SK). However, little is known about the genetic basis of SL. In human SK, FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations have recently been identified. OBJECTIVES: To analyse SL for potential FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations. METHODS: We screened 30 SL for FGFR3 mutations using a SNaPshot multiplex assay. For PIK3CA mutations we used direct sequencing of exon 9 and a SNaPshot assay for the H1047R hotspot mutation (exon 20). Because psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) lentigines show the V600E BRAF hotspot mutation, we additionally investigated this mutation in SL by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: FGFR3 mutations were detected in five of 30 (17%) SL and PIK3CA mutations in two of 28 (7%) SL. None of 28 SL available for BRAF analysis revealed the V600E mutation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations are involved in the pathogenesis of SL. The occurrence of these mutations in both SL and SK suggests a common genetic basis. Our findings furthermore substantiate previous speculations that UV exposure may be a causative factor for FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations in human skin.
BACKGROUND: Solar lentigines (SL) are frequent benign skin lesions appearing on sun-exposed areas especially in elderly people and therefore represent a hallmark of (photo)aged skin. It has been proposed that SL may subsequently evolve into adenoid seborrhoeic keratosis (SK). However, little is known about the genetic basis of SL. In human SK, FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations have recently been identified. OBJECTIVES: To analyse SL for potential FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations. METHODS: We screened 30 SL for FGFR3 mutations using a SNaPshot multiplex assay. For PIK3CA mutations we used direct sequencing of exon 9 and a SNaPshot assay for the H1047R hotspot mutation (exon 20). Because psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) lentigines show the V600EBRAF hotspot mutation, we additionally investigated this mutation in SL by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS:FGFR3 mutations were detected in five of 30 (17%) SL and PIK3CA mutations in two of 28 (7%) SL. None of 28 SL available for BRAF analysis revealed the V600E mutation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations are involved in the pathogenesis of SL. The occurrence of these mutations in both SL and SK suggests a common genetic basis. Our findings furthermore substantiate previous speculations that UV exposure may be a causative factor for FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations in human skin.
Authors: Pavel Krejci; Jirina Prochazkova; Jiri Smutny; Katarina Chlebova; Patricia Lin; Anie Aklian; Vitezslav Bryja; Alois Kozubik; William R Wilcox Journal: Bone Date: 2010-03-31 Impact factor: 4.398
Authors: Konstantinos Liopyris; Cristian Navarrete-Dechent; Stephen W Dusza; Ashfaq A Marghoob; Liang Deng; Barbara B Wilson; Michael A Marchetti Journal: Australas J Dermatol Date: 2018-11-18 Impact factor: 2.875
Authors: Lucie C Kompier; Irene Lurkin; Madelon N M van der Aa; Bas W G van Rhijn; Theo H van der Kwast; Ellen C Zwarthoff Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-11-03 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Steffen Koerdt; Nadine Tanner; Niklas Rommel; Nils H Rohleder; Gesche Frohwitter; Oliver Ristow; Klaus-Dietrich Wolff; Marco R Kesting Journal: Biomark Res Date: 2017-01-20