OBJECTIVES: To study the effects of omega (Omega)-3 fatty acid (FA) supplements on weight and appetite in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) in relation to inflammatory biomarkers and apolipoprotein E epsilon4 (APOEepsilon4). DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Specialist memory clinics in the Stockholm catchment area. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred four patients (aged 73+/-9, 52% women) with mild to moderate AD. INTERVENTION: Patients with AD received 1.7 g of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 0.6 g of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (Omega-3/Omega-3group; n=89, aged 73+/-9, 57% women) orplacebo 0.6 g of linoleic acid per day (placebo/Omega-3 group; n=85, aged 73+/-9, 46% women) for 6 months. After 6 months, all patients received DHA and EPA for another 6 months. MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometry, biochemical nutritional and inflammatory markers, and appetite assessed by caregiver. RESULTS:Mean weight and body mass index (kg/m(2)) at baseline were 70.0+/-11.8 kg and 24.3+/-3.0 kg/m(2), respectively. At 6- and 12-month follow-up, weight had increased 0.7+/-2.5 kg (P=.02) and 1.4+/-2.9 kg (P<.001) in the Omega-3/Omega-3 group. In the placebo group, weight was unchanged at 6 months but had increased (P=.01) at 12 months follow-up after Omega-3 supplementation was initiated. Appetite improved in the Omega-3/Omega-3 group over the treatment period (P=.01). In logistic regression analyses, not carrying the APOEepsilon4 allele and high plasma DHA concentrations were independently related to weight gain in the combined group of patients at 6 months follow-up. CONCLUSION: A DHA-enriched Omega-3 FA supplement may positively affect weight and appetite in patients with mild to moderate AD. Not carrying the APOEepsilon4 allele and high DHA were independently associated with weight gain.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: To study the effects of omega (Omega)-3 fatty acid (FA) supplements on weight and appetite in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) in relation to inflammatory biomarkers and apolipoprotein E epsilon4 (APOEepsilon4). DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Specialist memory clinics in the Stockholm catchment area. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred four patients (aged 73+/-9, 52% women) with mild to moderate AD. INTERVENTION: Patients with AD received 1.7 g of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 0.6 g of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (Omega-3/Omega-3 group; n=89, aged 73+/-9, 57% women) or placebo 0.6 g of linoleic acid per day (placebo/Omega-3 group; n=85, aged 73+/-9, 46% women) for 6 months. After 6 months, all patients received DHA and EPA for another 6 months. MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometry, biochemical nutritional and inflammatory markers, and appetite assessed by caregiver. RESULTS: Mean weight and body mass index (kg/m(2)) at baseline were 70.0+/-11.8 kg and 24.3+/-3.0 kg/m(2), respectively. At 6- and 12-month follow-up, weight had increased 0.7+/-2.5 kg (P=.02) and 1.4+/-2.9 kg (P<.001) in the Omega-3/Omega-3 group. In the placebo group, weight was unchanged at 6 months but had increased (P=.01) at 12 months follow-up after Omega-3 supplementation was initiated. Appetite improved in the Omega-3/Omega-3 group over the treatment period (P=.01). In logistic regression analyses, not carrying the APOEepsilon4 allele and high plasma DHA concentrations were independently related to weight gain in the combined group of patients at 6 months follow-up. CONCLUSION: A DHA-enriched Omega-3 FA supplement may positively affect weight and appetite in patients with mild to moderate AD. Not carrying the APOEepsilon4 allele and high DHA were independently associated with weight gain.
Authors: Sandro J R Bonatto; Heloisa H P Oliveira; Everson A Nunes; Daniele Pequito; Fabiola Iagher; Isabela Coelho; Katya Naliwaiko; Marcelo Kryczyk; Gleisson A P Brito; João Repka; Luciano V Sabóia; George Fukujima; Philip C Calder; Luiz C Fernandes Journal: Lipids Date: 2011-12-11 Impact factor: 1.880
Authors: P J G H Kamphuis; F R J Verhey; M G M Olde Rikkert; J W R Twisk; S H N Swinkels; P Scheltens Journal: J Nutr Health Aging Date: 2011-08 Impact factor: 4.075
Authors: Vincent C Lombardi; Kenny L De Meirleir; Krishnamurthy Subramanian; Sam M Nourani; Ruben K Dagda; Shannon L Delaney; András Palotás Journal: J Nutr Biochem Date: 2018-04-19 Impact factor: 6.048
Authors: Julie Shlisky; David E Bloom; Amy R Beaudreault; Katherine L Tucker; Heather H Keller; Yvonne Freund-Levi; Roger A Fielding; Feon W Cheng; Gordon L Jensen; Dayong Wu; Simin N Meydani Journal: Adv Nutr Date: 2017-01-17 Impact factor: 8.701
Authors: Melissa J Morine; Audrey C Tierney; Ben van Ommen; Hannelore Daniel; Sinead Toomey; Ingrid M F Gjelstad; Isobel C Gormley; Pablo Pérez-Martinez; Christian A Drevon; Jose López-Miranda; Helen M Roche Journal: PLoS Comput Biol Date: 2011-11-03 Impact factor: 4.475