OBJECTIVE: Cognitive reserve has been proposed as important in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, tests of the association between premorbid IQ and adult mental disorders other than schizophrenia have been limited and inconclusive. The authors tested the hypothesis that low childhood IQ is associated with increased risk and severity of adult mental disorders. METHOD: Participants were members of a representative 1972-1973 birth cohort of 1,037 males and females in Dunedin, New Zealand, who were followed up to age 32 with 96% retention. WISC-R IQ was assessed at ages 7, 9, and 11. Research diagnoses of DSM mental disorders were made at ages 18, 21, 26, and 32. RESULTS: Lower childhood IQ was associated with increased risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum disorder, adult depression, and adult anxiety. Lower childhood IQ was also associated with greater comorbidity and with persistence of depression; the association with persistence of generalized anxiety disorder was nearly significant. Higher childhood IQ predicted increased risk of adult mania. CONCLUSIONS: Lower cognitive reserve, as reflected by childhood IQ, is an antecedent of several common psychiatric disorders and also predicts persistence and comorbidity. Thus, many patients who seek mental health treatment may have lower cognitive ability; this should be considered in prevention and treatment planning.
OBJECTIVE: Cognitive reserve has been proposed as important in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, tests of the association between premorbid IQ and adult mental disorders other than schizophrenia have been limited and inconclusive. The authors tested the hypothesis that low childhood IQ is associated with increased risk and severity of adult mental disorders. METHOD:Participants were members of a representative 1972-1973 birth cohort of 1,037 males and females in Dunedin, New Zealand, who were followed up to age 32 with 96% retention. WISC-R IQ was assessed at ages 7, 9, and 11. Research diagnoses of DSM mental disorders were made at ages 18, 21, 26, and 32. RESULTS: Lower childhood IQ was associated with increased risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum disorder, adult depression, and adult anxiety. Lower childhood IQ was also associated with greater comorbidity and with persistence of depression; the association with persistence of generalized anxiety disorder was nearly significant. Higher childhood IQ predicted increased risk of adult mania. CONCLUSIONS: Lower cognitive reserve, as reflected by childhood IQ, is an antecedent of several common psychiatric disorders and also predicts persistence and comorbidity. Thus, many patients who seek mental health treatment may have lower cognitive ability; this should be considered in prevention and treatment planning.
Authors: Cynthia Mills Schumann; Julia Hamstra; Beth L Goodlin-Jones; Hower Kwon; Allan L Reiss; David G Amaral Journal: Hippocampus Date: 2007 Impact factor: 3.899
Authors: Jonna Perälä; Jaana Suvisaari; Samuli I Saarni; Kimmo Kuoppasalmi; Erkki Isometsä; Sami Pirkola; Timo Partonen; Annamari Tuulio-Henriksson; Jukka Hintikka; Tuula Kieseppä; Tommi Härkänen; Seppo Koskinen; Jouko Lönnqvist Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry Date: 2007-01
Authors: William S Kremen; Karestan C Koenen; Corwin Boake; Shaun Purcell; Seth A Eisen; Carol E Franz; Ming T Tsuang; Michael J Lyons Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry Date: 2007-03
Authors: Krista Lisdahl Medina; Bonnie J Nagel; Ann Park; Tim McQueeny; Susan F Tapert Journal: J Child Psychol Psychiatry Date: 2007-06 Impact factor: 8.982
Authors: Stanley Zammit; Peter Allebeck; Anthony S David; Christina Dalman; Tomas Hemmingsson; Ingvar Lundberg; Glyn Lewis Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry Date: 2004-04
Authors: Stephani L Hatch; Peter B Jones; Diana Kuh; Rebecca Hardy; Michael E J Wadsworth; Marcus Richards Journal: Soc Sci Med Date: 2007-03-29 Impact factor: 4.634
Authors: Hong Chang; Lingyi Li; Tao Peng; Maria Grigoroiu-Serbanescu; Sarah E Bergen; Mikael Landén; Christina M Hultman; Andreas J Forstner; Jana Strohmaier; Julian Hecker; Thomas G Schulze; Bertram Müller-Myhsok; Andreas Reif; Philip B Mitchell; Nicholas G Martin; Sven Cichon; Markus M Nöthen; Stéphane Jamain; Marion Leboyer; Frank Bellivier; Bruno Etain; Jean-Pierre Kahn; Chantal Henry; Marcella Rietschel; Xiao Xiao; Ming Li Journal: Mol Neurobiol Date: 2016-08-25 Impact factor: 5.590