Immobilization and detection of DNA on microfluidic chips.

With the rapid development of micro-Total Analysis Systems (muTAS) and sensitive DNA recognition technologies, it is possible to immobilize DNA probes to small areas of surfaces other than silicon. To this end, photolithographic techniques were used to derivatize micron-sized, spatially segregated DNA recognition elements in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic structures. UV light was used to initiate attachment of a photoactive biotin molecule to the substrate surface. Once biotin was attached to a substrate, biotin/avidin/biotin chemistry was used to attach fluorescently labeled or non-labeled avidin and biotinylated DNA probes. These techniques were applied to create a prototype microfluidic sensor device that was used to separate and identify synthetic DNA targets that were fluorescently-labeled.